猴痘多国疫情，外部形势报告第61号-2025年12月22日

Multi-countryexternalsituationreportno.61,published22December2025 Highlights •All clades ofmonkeypox virus (MPXV)continuetocirculate.Unlessmpox outbreaks arerapidlycontainedand human-to-human transmission isinterrupted,thereisa risk of sustained communitytransmission. •InNovember2025, 48countries across all WHO regions reporteda total of2150newconfirmedmpoxcases, includingfivedeaths (case fatality ratio [CFR] 0.2%).About68% of these cases werereportedintheAfrican Region.Fourregionsobservedadeclineinconfirmedcases inNovember,compared toOctober •Nineteencountries in Africareportedactive transmission of mpox in the last six weeks(2November–14December2025), with1435confirmed cases, includingsevendeaths (CFR0.5%).Countries reporting thehighest numberof casesin this period are the Democratic Republic of the Congo,Guinea,Liberia, Kenya •Romaniahasreported detection of clade Ib MPXV for the first time, in a caseconfirmedin August 2025.•Outside Africa,communitytransmission of clade Ib MPXVcontinuesinSpain andintheNetherlands. •In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, mpox transmission continues across multiple provinces with co-circulation ofcladesIa and Ib MPXV, heterogeneous subnational trendsand declining access to testing of •The UnitedKingdomof Great Britain and Northern Irelandhasreporteda new travel-linked case of mpoxwithdetection ofarecombinantMPXVstraincontaininggenetic elementsofbothclade Ibandclade IIb •WHOassessestheongoing public healthrisk to be moderate for men who have sex with menwith new ormultiple partners, sex workers and others with multiple partners who may be at risk,and low for the generalpopulationwith no specific risk factors,continues close monitoringof the situation,and emphases the Epidemiological update Thissituation report includesthe most relevantnewinformationonmpox outbreaks and response activities.Detailed Global monkeypox virus (MPXV) distribution Since thelast situation reportand as of 14December 2025,one country, Romania, has reported mpox due to cladeIb MPXV for the first time(Figure 1).Romania retrospectively notified WHO of thecase first detected in August 2025. Reporting ofcommunity transmission of clade Ib MPXVoutside Central and East Africa(Figure 2)continuesin theWHO European Region(theNetherlands and Spain).Nonewcountrieshavereportedcommunity transmissionsincethelast editionof thisreport,however,additional cases without a recent history of travel have been reportedinSpain Global situation Global surveillancedataareupdatedmonthly;data availableareas of30November2025.InNovember2025,48countries reported2150confirmed cases(Figure 3), includingfivedeaths (case fatality ratio [CFR] 0.2%)3. The countries with the highest number ofconfirmedcases in the last month arein the African Region (Figure3),whichreported68% (1455of2150)of confirmed casesreported globallyinNovember2025.Thedownwardtrendinconfirmedmpoxcasesin theWHO African Regioncontinues,followingthe peak inMay2025 (Figure Thetwo WHOregionsreportingan increase inconfirmedcasesinNovember2025compared toOctober2025aretheEuropeanRegion (120%, 380vs174confirmed cases)andtheWestern PacificRegion,(8.7%, 112 TheRegion of the Americas,theSouth-East AsianandAfricanregionsreportedadeclinein cases forNovember2025comparedtoOctober2025 of64%,36%,and32%respectively.The Eastern Mediterranean Situation in Africa This sectionreports on dataas of14December2025. From 1 January to14 December2025,28countries in Africa reported43522confirmed mpox cases,including197deaths(CFR0.5%).Nineteencountrieson the continenthavereportedactive transmission of mpox in the lastsixweeks(Figure5), with1435confirmed cases, includingsevendeaths (CFR 0.5%) during this period.Countriesreporting the highest number ofconfirmedcasesover the last six weeksare the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Overall,weeklyreportedconfirmed cases continue to decline (Figure 6). However, data for the most recent weeksshould be interpreted with caution, as reporting delays often lead to retrospective adjustments.Overall,fewer than500 new confirmed casesper weekhave been reported inthe lastsevenweeks.Thiscontinental trendhasmostlybeeninfluenced bythe decrease incasecountsreported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,Liberia,Kenya, Focus on selected countries Democratic Republic of the Congo Mpox transmission continues across the Democratic Republic of the Congo with circulation ofcladesIa andIbMPXV, and co-circulation of both in at leasteleven provinces (Figure 7).Genomic sequencing data from October2023 to October 2025 show that clade Ib MPXV has been detected in several provinces, while clade Ia MPXVpredominates in historically endemic provinces in the central and north-western parts of the country.Genomic In July 2025,animportedcase of mpox caused by clade IIb MPXVwas detected, followed by one secondary caseinvolvingthespouse of the index case.Followinga rapid public health response, including case isolation, contacttracing, and vaccination of contacts,