猴痘多国疫情，外部形势报告第59号-2025年10月30日

Multi-countryexternalsituationreportno.59published30October2025 Highlights •This Situation reportwillnowbepublished monthly. •All clades ofthemonkeypox virus (MPXV)continuetocirculate.Whenmpox outbreaks are notrapidlycontained and human-to-human transmission is notinterrupted,thereisa risk of sustained communitytransmission. •In September 2025, 42 countries, across all WHO regions, reporteda total of3135 confirmed cases,including 12 deaths (case fatality ratio [CFR] 0.4%). More than 80% of these cases werereportedintheAfrican Region.Fourregions(African Region, Eastern Mediterranean Region, Region of the Americas,and the Western Pacific)observeda declining trendinconfirmedcasesreportedper month, whiletheEuropeanand South-East Asian regionsobservedan increase in cases in September 2025.•Seventeen countries in Africa haveexperiencedongoing active transmission of mpox in the last six weeks(14 Sep–19 Oct 2025), with2862 confirmed cases, including17 deaths (CFR0.6%)reportedduring this period.Countries reporting the highest numberof casesin this period are the DemocraticRepublic of the Congo, Liberia, Kenya and Ghana;withupward trends in Kenya andLiberia,sustaineddeclining trends in theDemocratic Republic of the Congo,and very early indications of a downwardtrendin Ghana. •Since the last edition of this report,Malaysia,Namibia,the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain havereported detection of clade Ibmonkeypox virus (MPXV)for the first time.•New imported cases ofmpox due toclade IbMPXVdetected amongtravellershave been reported in Belgium, Canada, Germany, Italy, Qatar and Spain. •Sixcountries outsideCentral and East Africa have reportedclade IbMPXVcasesamongindividualswithout travel links,indicatinglocal circulation ofthevirus in Italy, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Portugal,Spain and the United States of America.In addition to countries in Africa,these countriesare nowalsoclassified asexperiencingcommunity transmission ofclade IbMPXV. •Since the last report,at least fivecases of mpox due toclade Ib MPXVhave beendetectedamongindividuals who self-identify as men who have sex with men.Thesecasesprovide the firstevidence ofpreviously undetectedcirculation,of thisvirusstrainwithinthisat-riskpopulation,in whichonly clade IIbMPXVhad been reported since 2022, and across different regions. •In light ofexpanding community transmission of clade Ib MPXV and its detection among men who havesex with men, WHO currently assesses the public health risk asmoderate for men who have sex withmen andlow for the general populationin contexts outside historically endemic areas. Epidemiological update Thissituation report includesthe most relevantnewinformationonmpox outbreaks and response activities.Detailed epidemiologicalanalyses anddataare availablein theWHO mpox surveillance report. Global monkeypox virus (MPXV) distribution Since thelast situation report,Malaysia,Namibia,the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spainhave reported thedetection ofclade Ib MPXV for the first time (Figure 1).Detailed informationonclade-specifictransmissiondynamicscan be found in thesituation report#53. Figure 1.Geographic distribution of MPXV clades reported to WHO, by country,1 January 2022to22October2025.1 Community transmission of clade Ib MPXV(Figure 2)hasexpanded to countries across three other WHOregionsoutside Central and East Africa: the European Region(Italy, theNetherlands, Portugal and Spain), theRegion of the Americas(the United States of America), and the South-East Asian Region(Malaysia).Moredetailson the expanded community transmission of clade IbMPXVarein the section onlocal circulation ofclade Ib MPXV outside Africa. 1The geographical distribution of MPXV clades shown is based on sequences from clinical samples of confirmed mpox cases.Sequences from wastewater and environmental samples are excluded from this analysis. Global situation Global surveillancedataareupdatedmonthly;the latestdata availableareas of30 September2025.InSeptember2025,42countriesgloballyreported a total of3135confirmed cases(Figure 3), including12deaths (case fatalityratio [CFR] 0.4%)2. The countries with the highest number of cases in the last month arein the African Region (Figure3)whichreported84% (2622of3135)of confirmed casesreported globallyin September 2025.Theregionaltrendof confirmedmpoxcasescontinues to decreasefollowingthe peak inMay2025 (Figure 4).More detailsin theAfrica section. The regions reportingan increase inconfirmedcasesin September 2025compared to August 2025weretheSouth-East AsianRegion,(77%, 23 vs 13confirmedcases),andtheEuropeanRegion(14%,232 vs203 confirmedcases). TheRegion of the Americasand theEastern Mediterranean,African,andWestern Pacificregionsreportedamonthlydecrease in casesforSeptember2025,comparedtoAugust2025, of58%,43%,28%,and 20%respectively. 2The monthly reported data may be prone to delays and incompleteness and are therefore subject toretrospective adjustments over time as more data become available. Situation in Afri