猴痘多国疫情，外部形势报告#51-2025年4月29日

Multi-countryexternalsituationreportno.51published29April2025 Highlights •Cases of mpox due to clade Ibmonkeypox virus (MPXV)continue to be reportedprimarilyin Africa,whereelevencountrieshavereportedcommunity transmission of this strainin the past six weeks.•Wherever mpox outbreaks are not quickly contained and human-to-human transmission is notstopped, theycontinue to represent a potential risk of sustained transmissionin the community.•Currently,Ugandaisreportingthe highest number of confirmed mpox cases globally, with200to300 new casesreportedper week3.Todate,the country has detected only clade IbMPXV.•The Democratic Republic of the Congocontinues toreportthe highest number of cumulativeconfirmedmpoxcasesinAfricain 2025,despitea decreasing number of confirmed cases reported in recent weeks likely due toa reduction in testing and confirmation capacity.CladesIa and IbMPXVcontinue to circulate in the country.•Burundicontinues to observea declining trend of confirmed cases,withfewerthan 50 newconfirmedcases perweek, down from over 200confirmedcases per week atthepeakof the outbreak.•Sierra Leonehas reported arisingnumber of confirmed mpox cases, with over 200 new confirmed casesreported during the most recent week, highlighting the increased transmission in the country.Details on theepidemiologicalcharacteristics are currently being gathered. •Malawihasreporteditsfirstcasesof mpoxdue to clade IbMPXV,withnoknownlinkswithtravel tootheraffected countries, suggestingthatcommunity transmission of the strainis already ongoingin the country.•China reporteda second case ofmpox due toclade Ia MPXV,linked totravelfromthe Democratic Republic ofthe Congo.•This report provides an overview of mpox vaccination in countries in the African Region, where to date morethan 662000doses of MVA-BNvaccines have been administered in sevencountries.From the total number ofdoses,88%have been administered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, wherevaccinationstrategy isbeing revised in light of limitedvaccinesupply. Inthis edition: •Contextual description•Epidemiological update•Globalmonkeypox virus (MPXV) distribution•Overview of mpox outbreaks by virus clade•Global trends•Confirmed cases reported in Africa•Focus on the Democratic Republic of the Congo (clade Ia & Ib MPXV)•Other countries reporting cases of mpox due to clade I MPXV•Second case of mpox due to clade Ia MPXVreported in China•Detection of clade I MPXV in wastewater in the United States of America•Mpox vaccination in the African Region•Globaloperationalupdates•Emergency coordination•Collaborative surveillance•Community protection•Safe and scalable care•Access to and delivery of countermeasures•Mpox resources•Annex 1. Latest Rapid Risk Assessment of February 2025 Contextual description This report provides an update on: •the global epidemiological situation for mpox with data as of31March 2025;•the epidemiological situation for mpox in Africa (including countries in the WHO African Region and someinthe WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region), with data as of20April2025;•updatesonimported cases of mpox due to clade I MPXVas of25April2025;•operationalresponseupdates as of25April2025. The latestmpoxupdates canalsobefoundintheWHO mpox surveillance report. The epidemiological content of the report is based on information from global mpoxindicator-basedsurveillancesetup in 2022. This surveillancesystemcollectsdataonconfirmed and probable mpox cases and deaths reportedby Member Statesto WHO or reportedpubliclythroughofficial MemberStateresources (webpages, surveillancedashboards,as well as epidemiological and situation reports).Givenlimitedaccess toPolymeraseChainReaction(PCR)testingofsuspected cases in some settings,particularly inthe Democratic Republic of the Congo,WHOalsoreportssuspected(clinically compatible)mpox caseswhich meet thecountry’snational clinical case definitionforsuspectedmpoxsince the declaration of thepublichealthemergency ofinternationalconcern (PHEIC) on 14August2024. Theindicator of suspected cases shouldneverthelessbe interpreted withcaution, as suspected cases thatundergo testing are not removed from theoverallcountof suspected cases, independently from the test results.Intheabsence of more detailed information, it iscurrentlynot possible to correctly subtract confirmed cases fromthe totalnumber ofsuspected cases reported;therefore,the confirmed casesrepresenta subset of suspectedcases.Thecasedefinitionforsuspected mpoxinthe Democratic Republic of the Congo can be foundhere. Information onoperational updateshas been provided bytheglobalmpoxincident managementsupport teamatWHO headquarters, and theinformation onimported casesis based onnotificationsreceived byWHOfromMember Statesunder theprovisions of the International Health Regulations (2005). For referencepurposes, asummary of thelatestWHO global mpox rapidriskassessment conducted inFebruary2025can be found inAnnex 1. Epidemiological update3,4 Globalmonkeypox virus (MPXV)distribution As of20