猴痘多国疫情，第55号外部形势报告-2025年7月11日

Multi-countryexternalsituationreportno.55published11July2025 Highlights •All clades ofmonkeypox virus (MPXV)continuetocirculatein several countries.Whenmpox outbreaksare notrapidlycontained and human-to-human transmission is notinterrupted, they continue toposearisk of sustained communitytransmission.•Since the last edition of this report,no new countries have reported cases of clade Ib MPXVfor the firsttime.•Nineteen countries in Africa have reported ongoing mpox transmission in the past six weeks. Clade IIbMPXV continues to be reported in West Africa, while Central African countries report both clade Ia andclade IbMPXV, and East African countries report clade Ib MPXV.•Therecentoveralldownwardtrend of confirmed cases across the continentisdrivenbythe decreasein cases in Sierra Leone, the Democratic Republic of the Congo,and somereporting delays.Challengeswith access to testing continue in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.•An upward trend has been observed in West Africa, particularly in Guinea, Liberia, and Togo, wheregrowing outbreaks of clade IIb MPXV have been reported in recent weeks.This report contains asummary of the epidemiological situation in these three countries.•China has reported nine additional cases ofmpox due toclade Ib MPXV since the last situation report.Epidemiological investigationsforsome ofthemare ongoing, and the transmission status of clade IbMPXV in Chinaisclassified as "Unknown" pending further information.•Türkiye has retrospectively notified WHO of a case of mpox due toclade Ia MPXV,detected in October2024 in a traveler from the Democratic Republic of the Congo.No secondary caseswere reportedamong the contactsof the casewho underwent monitoring.•This report includes a summary of the fourth meeting of theInternational Health Regulations (2005)Emergency Committeeregarding the upsurge of mpox, held on 5 June2025. Epidemiological update Thissituation report has been updated to include only the most relevantnewinformationonmpox outbreaks andresponse activitiesglobally and in Africa. More detailedepidemiologicalanalyses anddataare availablein theWHO mpox surveillance report. Global monkeypox virus (MPXV) distribution Since the last situation report,Edition54,only Türkiye hasreported the detection ofanewMPXV sub-clade,onecase ofmpox due tocladeIaMPXV(detaileddescription below), and no country hasreportedmpox for thefirsttime.For detailed informationonclade-specifictransmission dynamics, refer tosituation report#53. Figure 1.Geographic distribution of MPXV clades reported to WHO, by country,1 January 2022 to6 July20251 Community transmission of clade Ib MPXVremains limited to countriesin Africa.Most countrieswithprevioussporadicimportationsarecurrentlynot reportingactive transmissionofclade Ib MPXV.China has recently reportedcases ofmpox due to cladeIbMPXVfor whomthe source of infection is still under investigation;therefore,itstransmission levelhas beentemporarily categorizedas“Unknown”(detailed description below). Figure 2.Clade IbMPXV transmission status within the last six weeks, by country, as of6July2025. 1The geographical distribution of MPXV clades shown is based on sequences from clinical samples of confirmed mpox cases.Sequences from wastewater and environmental samples are excluded from this analysis. Situation in Africa From 1 January to6 July2025,21countries in Africa have reported26734confirmed mpox cases,including115deaths(CFR0.4%).Nineteencountrieson the continenthavereportedongoingactive transmission ofmpox in the lastsixweeks(Figure3). Figure3. Geographic distribution of confirmed mpox cases in thepast six weeks,Africa,25May–6 July2025 Overall,a decliningepidemic trendin confirmed caseshas been observedin recent weeks(Figure4),largelydrivenby a decreasein Sierra Leoneand the Democratic Republic of the Congo.However, recenttrendsshouldbe interpreted with cautiongivenlikelyreporting delaysand incomplete testing ofsuspectedcasesinthe Democratic Republic of the Congo, as resources for the response also dwindle.A slight increase in recentweeks has been reported by Burundi and Uganda. More detailson national case trends are availablein theWHO Global mpox trends. Figure4.Reportedconfirmed mpox cases inAfricainthe past 12 months,by country,29June 2024–6July2025 Focus on selected countries This section of the report includesthreecountries inwesternAfricathathave reportedupward trendsinconfirmed mpox casesin recent weeks.Although the casecountsin these countriesare low comparedtothoseinhigh-burden countries,thecharacteristics observedin these outbreakssuch asthe consistentincrease inweekly confirmed cases, geographic expansionof the outbreaksandgrowingcaseburdenamong adultsinurbanized settings,are concerning. Guinea Guinea has not historically been considered endemic for mpox,butit hostspart ofatropical forestbelt thatextends acrossmpox-endemic countries inwesternandcentral Africa, and the virus could potentially bepresent in wild fauna in these areas. A