WIPO杂志，2019年第3期（6月）

No. 3 Latin America’s firstinternational patented inventioncompetitionp. 30 Artificial intelligence:the new electricity Copyright and the currency ofcreativity: beyond income p. 2 p. 14 Harnessingthe benefitsof IP fordevelopment p. 7 Table of Contents 2Artificial intelligence: the new electricity7Harnessing the benefits of IP for development14Copyright and the currency of creativity: beyond income20China’s commitment to strengthening IP judicial protectionand creating a bright future for IP rights25A closer look at specialized intellectual property courts30Latin America’s first international patented inventioncompetition34The IP journey of an Olympic Games edition42“Discovery or invention”: the case for recalibratingthe Nobel Prize for Physics Editor:Catherine JewellLayout:Ewa Przybyłowicz © WIPO, 2019 Attribution 3.0 IGO(CC BY 3.0 IGO) The user is allowed to reproduce, dis-tribute, adapt, translate and publiclyperform this publication, including forcommercial purposes, without explicitpermission, provided that the content isaccompanied by an acknowledgementthat WIPO is the source and that it isclearly indicated if changes were madeto the original content. Adaptation/translation/derivatives shouldnot carry any official emblem or logo,unless they have been approved andvalidated by WIPO. Please contact us viathe WIPO website to obtain permission. When content published by WIPO, suchas images, graphics, trademarks or logos,is attributed to a third party, the user ofsuch content is solely responsible forclearing the rights with the right holder(s). To view a copy of this license, please visithttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo Acknowledgements:2Alejandro Roca Campaña, Innovation and Knowledge InfrastructureDivision, WIPO7Irfan BalochandMihaela Cerbari, Development Agenda CoordinationDivision, WIPO20Eun-Joo Min, WIPO Judicial Institute andJunqin Zhang, WIPO Officein China25Eun-Joo Min, WIPO Judicial Institute30Luiz Enrique Chavez Prado, Regional Bureau for Latin America andthe Caribbean, WIPO42Marco Aleman, Patent Law Division, WIPO Cover images:Left to right: © NVIDIA Corporation;iStock / Getty Images Plus / © Marco_Piunti; Getty Images / E+ / © vgajic;Main image:iStock / Getty Images Plus / © Pablo_K Artificialintelligence:the new electricity ByCatherine Jewell,Publications Division, WIPO The British-born computer scientist, Andrew Ng, is aleading thinker on artificial intelligence (AI) and has beena pioneer in its application for many years. He foundedthe Google Brain project, served as Chief Scientist atBaidu, and co-founded the online learning platform,Coursera. Today, in addition to his academic work atStanford University (USA), Mr. Ng is heading up twostartups: Landing AI, which works with enterprises toadopt AI, and deeplearning.ai, an AI education company.Mr. Ng recently spoke withWIPO Magazineabout the transformative power of AI, and the measures requiredto ensure that AI benefits everyone. Why is AI attracting so much attention? AI is the new electricity. It will transform every industry andcreate huge economic value. Technology like supervisedlearning is automation on steroids. It is very good at auto-mating tasks and will have an impact on every sector – fromhealthcare to manufacturing, logistics and retail. When you talk about AI, what exactly do you mean? Much of the economic value generated by AI today is driven by“supervised learning,” which is really good at figuring out simpleinput–output, or A to B responses, and mapping them. When youjoin up lots of input-output pairs, this is called deep learning. Deeplearning is really good at image recognition, speech recognitionand natural language processing. Today, the technology’s mostlucrative application is probably determining whether consumerswill click on an advertisement. Large online platforms are usingthis technology to create enormous economic value. “AI is the newelectricity.It has thepotential totransformevery industryand tocreate hugeeconomicvalue.” But supervised learning and other AI techniques can do muchmore. For example, we can input a satellite image of an area, andgenerate an output that tells us whether it is poverty-stricken andneeds more resources. We can input data from a city, and generatean output that identifies areas with the greatest risk of gas leaks.Or we can build more accurate climate change models. Thereare huge untapped AI opportunities in sectors like agriculture,healthcare and manufacturing. Earlier this year, WIPO launched the first report inthe WIPO Technology Trends Series on AI. Why is thisimportant? The WIPO Technology Trends Reportoffers a clearer understand-ing of growth trends in AI, and who is using this technology andin which parts of the world. For example, it shows that until now,only a small number of regions and organizations have focusedon AI technology. The report also reveals that deep learning is thebiggest and fastest growing technique in AI. While great p