国家自主贡献支持计划——成就和经验教训（20172025）（英）

The NDC Support Programme (2017-2025) 2025 AcknowledgementsThe authors express sincere thanks for the invaluable support provided by UNDP country coordinators, regional advisers, country office teams and other stakeholders interviewed during this process. Special thanks to LisaBaumgartner, Rebecca Carman, Silvia Tovar Jardon and Yoona Jo for their support with this report. About UNDPUNDP is the leading United Nations organization fighting to end the injustice of poverty, inequality, and climate change. Working with our broad network of experts and partners in 170 countries, we help nations to build inte-grated, lasting solutions for people and planet. Learn more at undp.org or follow at @UNDP. About UNDP’s Climate PromiseUNDP’s Climate Promise is the UN system’s largest portfolio of support on climate action, working with more than 140 countries and territories and directly benefiting 37 million people. This portfolio implements overUS$2.3 billion in grant financing and draws on UNDP’s expertise in adaptation, mitigation, carbon markets, cli-mate and forests, and climate strategies and policy. Visit our website at climatepromise.undp.org and follow usat @UNDPClimate. About this publicationThis product was developed under UNDP’s Climate Promise by the NDC Support Programme, with generous funding from the governments of Germany and Spain and the European Union as a contribution to the NDCPartnership. UN disclaimerThe views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the United Nations, including the UN Development Programme, or UN Member States. Copyright ©UNDP 2025. All rights reserved. One United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, USA. Table of contents Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Executive summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61.Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72.Delivering impact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91.Climate leadership and integrated climate governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141.1Leadership for ambitious climate action. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141.2Integrated climate governance for NDC implementation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162.Evidence-based design and planning of mitigation actions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202.1NDC integration in planning and LTSs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202.2Prioritized NDC mitigation actions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243.Climate-friendly investment and private sector engagement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263.1De-risking or private sector NDC investment strategies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263.2Sustainable finance mechanisms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .273.3Measures to address barriers to market-based mechanisms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .293.4Private sector engagement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .294.COVID-19 green recovery and NDC alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324.1Advocacy and socio-economic assessments and capacity-building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324.2Finance mobilization, inter-institutional coordination and inclusive measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335.Cross-cutting approaches to bolster climate ambition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345.1.Advancing gender equality in NDC implementation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .345.2.Evidence-based learning, advocacy and knowledge. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355.3.Country-level synergies and global partnerships. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Acronyms AFOLUAgriculture, forestry and other land useCoPConference of PartiesGHGGreenhouse gasITMOInternationally transferrable mitigation outcomesLEDSLow-emission Development StrategiesLTSLong-term StrategyLULUCFLand use, land-use change and forestryMRVMoni