自动驾驶出租车（Robotaxi）行业技术与事故接管分析报告

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Robotaxi industry overview 2-1. Current market2-2. Competitive landscape 3. Robotaxi technology 3-1. Hardware3-2. Software 3-2-1. Algorithm training models3-2-2. Autonomous driving software3-2-3. Algorithm training environments 4. Accidents and disengagements 4-1. Disengagement analysis 4-1-1. Analysis of disengagement root causes4-1-2. Analysis of software-related disengagements4-1-3. Trends in disengagement causes 19 5. Robotaxi accident prevention - a case for V2X 22 6. Conclusion 1. Introduction The dream of self-driving vehicles has fascinated society since the early 20th century. Oftendepicted in sci-fi novels as a futuristic vision of transportation, the robotaxi of today ismaterializing on the roads of cities like San Francisco, Austin, Phoenix, and Shanghai. This Nevertheless, robotaxi companies continue to push forward. In this industry, the pursuit ofdominance resembles a strategic marathon more than a sprint. And like in any marathon, it In this report we will dive into the particulars of this marathon and provide an in-depthexploration of the robotaxi industry, examining key market trends, essential technology, and The report outlines the current position of the market within its lifecycle and analyzes theevolving competitive landscape as companies race to establish themselves as leaders in theindustry. Next, it delves into the core technologies that enable robotaxi operations, from By analyzing disengagement and accident data from recent years, the report identifies theunderlying issues affecting robotaxi performance and highlights how emerging technologieslike Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication can help address these challenges. In doing 2. Robotaxi industry overview The global robotaxi market is on the cusp of explosive growth, projected to be worthUS$38.9 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 90.2% from 2023 to 2030.This growth is1 expected to mirror the expansion of the broader autonomous vehicle (AV) market, which is As cities around the world grapple with issues like congestion, pollution, and shortage ofefficient transportation, robotaxis offer a solution that aligns with the broader need for mobility. While the industry is not yet mature, the advancement of autonomous driving technology willbe the primary driver of future market expansion. The robotaxi industry sits at the intersectionof two transformative sectors: the automotive and information technology industries. Both are Regulatory support is crucial for sustainable development of the robotaxi industry. Asgovernments push for stricter emission regulations, robotaxi fleets composed of EVs willbenefit from government incentives for zero-emission vehicles. The combination of AV and EV With advancements in AI and machine learning, autonomous driving systems are becomingmore adept at navigating complex urban environments, allowing robotaxis to operate moreefficiently and safely. These technological breakthroughs help scale operations and provide The potential customer base extends beyond traditional taxi services, encompassingcommercial applications in public transport and accessible mobility solutions. Moreover, the As cities around the world grapple withissues like congestion, pollution, andshortage of efficient transportation, 2-1. Current market The robotaxi market is currently in the early growth stage of its lifecycle, gradually expandingas technology advances. While the technology has advanced significantly, and several pilotprograms have been launched in various cities worldwide, the industry is still in its infancy. Thisphase is characterized by experimentation, testing, and the gradual rollout of services in Some early-commercial services are emerging, but only a few companies are operating paidrobotaxi services, and even these are limited in scope. Waymo, the only company that offers commercial robotaxi services in the US, disclosed that it is now giving over 100,000 paid ridesevery week. As the industry moves towards commercialization, it is expected that more1 2-2. Competitive landscape The competitive landscape of the robotaxi industry is rapidly evolving, with major technology Companies like Waymo, Cruise, and Zoox in the US, alongside Pony.ai and WeRide in China areat the forefront, leveraging their technological expertise and significant financial resources to At the same time, traditional automakers are increasingly forming strategic partnerships withtech firms to stay competitive. Alliances between car manufacturers and software companiesare becoming more common, as they combine automotive engineering expertise with cutting- Additionally, the market is seeing asurge in mergers and acquisitions. Oneof the most well-known examples is theacquisition of Cruise by General Motorsin 2016. Since then, Cruise has beenworking on developing new technology As the market continues to grow, it islikely to reshape the future of urbanmobility, offerin