期刊文章——直接和漫射辐照度成本效益辐射计的全球基准测试

JOURNAL ARTICLE Solar Energy Worldwide Benchmarkingof Cost-Effective PVPSMay 2026 What is IEA PVPS TCP? The International Energy Agency (IEA), founded in 1974, is an autonomous body within the framework of the Organizationfor Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).The Technology Collaboration Programme(TCP)was created witha belief that the future of energy security and sustainability starts with global collaboration. The programme is made up of The IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (IEA PVPS) is one of the TCP’s within the IEA and was established in1993. The mission of the programme is to “enhance the international collaborative efforts which facilitate the role ofphotovoltaic solar energy as a cornerstone in the transition to sustainable energy systems.” In order to achieve this, the The IEA PVPS participating countries are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France,Germany, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lithuania, Malaysia, Morocco, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, SouthAfrica, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The Visit us at:www.iea-pvps.org What is IEA PVPSTask16? Task 16 provides access to comprehensive international studies and experiences with solar resources and forecasts. Itsupports different stakeholders from research, instrument manufacturers as well as private data providers and utilities. Task 16 is a joint Task with the TCPSolar PACES(Task V). It collaborates also with the Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) The main goals of Task 16 are to lower barriers and costs of grid integration of PV and to lower planning and investmentcosts for PV by enhancing the quality of the forecasts and the resources assessments. Solar resources are introducing The work programme of Task 16 addresses from scientific meteorological and climatological issues to high penetrationand large scale PV in electricity networks, and also includes a strong focus on user needs. Dissemination and user DISCLAIMER TheIEAPVPSTCPisorganisedundertheauspicesoftheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)butisfunctionallyandlegallyautonomous.Views, findings and publications of the IEA PVPS TCP do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or its SUGGESTED CITATION Blum, N., Nouri, B., Fabel, Y., Campos Guzmán, L., Stührenberg, J., Kazantzidis, A., Abraim, M., Calais, M., Habte, A., Forstinger, A.,Maas, F., Broda, R., Matteschk, P., Zarzalejo, L. F., Panagopoulos, O., Ghennioui, A., & Wilbert, S.,Worldwide benchmarking of cost- COVER PICTURE "Green Genius" solar power plant in Žeimiai (Credit: Aiseinau) WorldwideBenchmarking ofCost-EffectiveRadiometers forDirect andDiffuse IEA PVPSTask16 Published under the terms of the Creative Commons Solar Energy,Volume314,August 2026 May 2026 Worldwide benchmarking of cost-effective radiometers for direct and A B S T R A C T Solar energy projects can benefit from direct normal irradiance (DNI) and diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI)measurements during all project phases. Several commercial measurement systems for DNI and DHI are available.Sun trackers with pyranometers and pyrheliometers can provide highly accurate measurements but are oftenimpractical in solar energy applications. For less expensive and more robust sensors, it is often unclear whichaccuracy can be expected under a project site’s specific atmospheric conditions. We address this challenge throughour dedicated experimental comparison of relevant sensor systems (rotating shadowband irradiometer [shortRSI], Delta-T SPN1, EKO MS-90, PyranoCam, Sunto CaptPro, Kipp & Zonen CSD3) at up to six sites worldwide.The RSI systems (rRMSD3to8.6%, DNI;4.8to7.6%, DHI) and PyranoCam (rRMSD2.6to5.2%, DNI;4.4to5.8%, DHI) exhibit similar error metrics and are the most accurate systems in the test. Delta-T SPN1 and EKOMS-90 (rRMSD6.8to15%, DNI;10.6to20.1%, DHI) but especially Kipp & Zonen CSD3 and Sunto CaptPro showsignificant deviations (rRMSD17.7to20%, DNI;33to58%, DHI). We evaluate the influence of relevant atmospheric and evaluating the influence of relevant atmospheric parameters on theaccuracy of each sensor. From prior studies, the test systems are expectedto range at different levels of accuracy and multiple included systems arerather novel and were not tested sufficiently elsewhere. Thus, each sensor is tested at one site first. Sensors which perform reasonably, i.e., withan accuracy notably higher than a decomposition model, at the first testsite, are tested at further ones. Additionally, only these systems are included in the study of influences on the sensors’ accuracies. As will beshown later, distinct accuracy classes are identified. Radiometer systems 1. Introduction Solar energy projects can benefit from direct normal irradiance (DNI)and diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI) measurements during the planning, acceptance testing and operation phases. This holds for projectsusing photovoltai