SDG 7：在危机时期的阿拉伯地区可负担且清洁的能源：背景说明

Background note 4.84%renewable energyshare of totalconsumption (2023) 92%electricity access(2024) 38.5million 84% of the populationusing clean cookingfuels (2024) people still withoutelectricity access The recent conflict in the region showed thatdisruptions to fuel trade, transit corridorsand supply chains can raise energy costsand expose the vulnerability of systems thatdepend on imported fuels. This calls fordiversified supply, stronger grids, regionalinterconnection and contingency planning. With five years remaining until 2030, theArab region has expanded access tomodern energy, but progress remainsinsufficient to meet the targets of SDG7(Affordable and clean energy) on time: Electricity access exceeded 92percentin 2024,1yet 38.5 million people are stillleft behind. Rising conflict, political instability anddebt burdens threaten investment in cleanenergy infrastructure, deepen inequalitiesand undermine universal access,particularly in fragile and least developedsettings. This underscores the need forinclusive policies and targeted support forrural areas, low-income populations andvulnerable groups. Clean cooking progress has stalled,with 84percent of the populationprimarily relying on clean fuels in 2024,while rural gaps persist. Renewable energy accounted foronly 4.84percent of total final energyconsumption in 2023. Closing the 2030 gap also requires a shiftfrom measuring access alone to deliveringreliable, affordable and sustainable energyservices, backed by stronger governance,investment and regional cooperation. Energy efficiency is below the globalaverage, and the region is not yeton track for SDG acceleration, withprimary energy intensity at 4.31MJper2021PPP dollar of GDP in 2023. Baseline assessment More than 9 out of 10 inhabitants of theArab region have access to electricity,with gaps concentrated in least developed Ensure universal access to affordable,reliable and modern energy services(SDG7.1) and fragile contexts. The populationremaining without access is likely tolive in low-income and conflict-affectedcountries, as well as in remote areas withhigher poverty rates. Rural electrificationremains a priority and depends onsustainable, long-term solutions, includingtransparent arrangements for operation andmaintenance, tariffs and service quality. clean fuel availability, gender-responsiveconsumer awareness and protection, andlast-mile distribution, including solutionstailored to displaced populations andfragile contexts. Increase substantially the share ofrenewable energy in the global energymix (SDG7.2) Reported universal access coexists withchronic outages and shortages, raisingconcerns about the quality of electricitysupply. Beyond access, reliability becomescentral; service interruptions underminewelfare, education, health and economicactivity, and disproportionately affectwomen and girls. Addressing reliabilityrequires improving utility governance andoperational performance, reducing technicaland commercial losses, diversifyingsupply, and investing in transmission anddistribution, with clear accountability forservice standards. Despite significant deployment in a subsetof countries, the renewable energy share oftotal final energy consumption remained low,at around 4.84percent in 2023, underscoringthat the key challenge is to move fromisolated projects to system-wide integration. Renewable energy trends in the Arab regionhave remained highly uneven in recent years.In several Arab least developed countries,the use of renewable energy continued tobe driven primarily by solid biofuels, whilemodern renewables, such as solar and wind,were concentrated in a smaller group ofcountries. Solar energy remained the mostwidely deployed modern renewable source andshowed the broadest uptake across the region,with particularly strong growth in Jordan,Lebanon and Palestine, while the United ArabEmirates led solar expansion within the GulfCooperation Council (GCC) countries. Clean cooking remains the region’s mostpersistent access gap for low-income andremote households. Access in urban areasreached 92percent in 2024, while it remainsat 73percent in rural areas. Women andgirls bear disproportionate responsibilityfor cooking and fuel collection and areconsequently more exposed to indoor airpollution that affects their health and well-being. Closing the gap requires integratedinterventions that address affordability, Wind energy remained limited to a fewcountries, although Djibouti recorded aparticularly sharp increase, and Jordanand Morocco maintained notable shares. Urban clean cooking Rural clean cooking gap Access in urban areas reached92 per centin 2024, reflecting greater fuel availabilityand infrastructure in cities. Access remains at just73 per centin ruralareas – a persistent and critical equitygap requiring targeted intervention. Hydropower continued to play a modest roleoverall and was concentrated mainly in Egypt,Iraq, Lebanon, the Sudan and the Syrian ArabRepublic,