从采用到影响：软件进化的下一波浪潮。

From adoption to impact:The next wave of thesoftware evolution To mitigate climate change, every sector of the global economy needs to transformand radicallydecarbonise in just 30 years.In thisarticle,wedig deeperinto theclimate tech wave and illustrate why we believe software will play a crucial role inbattling our biggest challenges in the years to come and how we at GP Bullhound Contents O4INTRODUCTIONO5ANURGENTCHALLENGE,AGENERATIONALOPPORTUNITY07MARKETFORCESACCELERATINGMOMENTUMTOWARDNEEDEDCHANGE08REACHING NET ZERO GLOBALLY TO REQUIRE C.$1.7TN ININVESTMENTSPERYEARFOR2O+YEARS09CLIMATETECHREDUCINGGHGEMISSIONSANDRESOURCEEXPLOITATION11SOFTWAREAS A CRITICAL ENABLER TO REACH NET ZERO FUTURE13151719ABOUT GP BULLHOUND20DISCLAIMER Introduction Tomitigatethe ongoing climatechange, every sector of theglobal economy needstotransformandradicallydecarboniseinjust3oyears.Thetransitiontonetzerowiltrequirethelargestreallocationofcapitalinhistoryaspeople,businesses,and governments will all need new solutions and products to meet a moresustainable reality. And as it seems like everyone is holding their breath fortechnology advancements to take us forward, we want to peel the layers of techin 'climate tech'. While we at the most serious levels recognise the developments needed in energysources, storage, and materials, we also see much untapped potential in scalingnew solutions and adapt faster. Serving as the glue between fundamentaltechnologyadvancements,dataandend-users,rooted into our everyday lives-we are more excited than ever about the power of software products and theirimpactonoursociety. Inthisarticle,wedigdeeperintothe climatetechwave,whywebelievesoftwarewill play a crucial role in battling our biggest challenges in the years to come, and Hampus Hellermark Nelly Tranaas An urgent challengea generational opportunity The global economic model relies heavily on exploiting natural resources andemitting greenhouse gases (GHG) at a rate that our planet simply cannot handle. Because of our cumulativeemissions, the world is 1.1°Cwarmer today than in thepre-industrial era Toset thecoursefora more sustainabletrajectory,theworld's collectiveclimategoal haslongbeentolimittheongoingwarmingoftheplanetto1.5oc.InMarch2o23,anewIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)reportstatedthatwe are far behind in achieving this goal and are heading towards a 3.2°C warmer climateby2100The results are projected to be devastating.The rise in sea level of at least 5Ocmwill impactall coastalcities and extremeheat waves,flooding,anddisruptedseaand planet fauna will impact the wildlife and lives of billions of people.As theworld's population and middle class are growing at a rapid pace, our time is running shorter while the challenges grow bigger.Westillhavetimeto changecourse.Theactual outcome itself isnotbinary.Ifweupscale our efforts for a deep and rapid reduction in emissions,we still have achance to avoid the more dire impacts of climate change. Although a warmer DEFINITION To reach net zero by 2050,global net human-caused emissions of co2 need to fallby about43%from2019levelsby2030,accordingtotheIPCC. To cut almost half of our CO2 emissions,every sector of the global economy needs totransform and radically decarbonise in just overtwo business cycles. Net zero refers to a state in which thegreenhouse gases going into theatmosphere are balanced by removalout of the atmosphere. This transformative shift will require newproducts and solutions, both to deploynewprocessesandtotackletheprojected changes.Thesesolutionswill comefromtechnology,representing an ocean of opportunities for the companies opting todevelop these. The inevitable transformation in front of us is also highlighted by Market forces accelerating momentumtoward needed change We are witnessing increased attention to both mitigating and tackling climatechangefromvarious stakeholders.Green movements appeartohavereachedcritical mass and have succeeded in pressuring governments and businesses totake serious action or at least promise to do so. Companies: Of all Fortune 500 companies, 63%have set 2050 targets for emissions reductionsup 12p.p. in the last year, 47% have set moreambitious2030targets,and93companies havecommitted to net-zerotargets,accordingtoClimateImpactPartners. Consumers: In a Nielsen survey, 73% of consumerrespondents stated they would definitely orprobably changetheir consumptionhabitstoreduce their environmental impact. Legislators: As part of the EU's goal to achievenet zero by 2050, the European Commission ispushing the new Corporate SustainabilityReporting Directive(CSRD),which is alreadyimpacting reporting practices for approximately50,000 companies inthe Eu. Institutions and capital:In 2022,the World BankGroup set a record by delivering $31.7bn to helpcountries address climate change, representing a19%increase from theprevious year. Stakeholders arepressuring companies toact, and regulatory andpolitical uncertainty aresome of thetop cl