接触从未接受过治疗的人以消除被忽视的热带疾病：国家方案的工具包

A toolkit for national programmes Reaching never treated peopleto eliminate neglected tropical diseases A toolkit for national programmes Reaching never treated people to eliminate neglected tropical diseases: a toolkit for national programmes ISBN (WHO) 978-92-4-011494-4 (electronic version)ISBN (WHO) 978-92-4-011495-1 (print version)ISBN (PAHO) 978-92-75-13035-3 (electronic version)ISBN (PAHO) 978-92-75-13036-0 (print version) © World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization, 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0IGO licence(CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work isappropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO or PAHO endorses any specificorganization, products or services. The use of the WHO or PAHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license yourwork under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the followingdisclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO) or the Pan AmericanHealth Organization (PAHO). WHO and PAHO are not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English editionshall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the WorldIntellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation.Reaching never treated people to eliminate neglected tropical diseases: a toolkit for national programmes. Geneva:World Health Organization and Pan American Health Organization; 2025. Licence:CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttp://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHOpublications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-ordersor contactsales@paho.org. To submit requests for commercial use andqueries on rights and licensing, seehttp://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, it isyour responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk ofclaims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. WHO and PAHO Photographs.WHO and PAHO photographs are copyrighted and are not to be reproduced in any medium withoutobtaining prior written permission. Requests for permission to reproduce these photographs should be addressed to:https://www.who.int/about/policies/publishing/permissionsand tohttps://www.paho.org/en/publications/permissions-and-licensingrespectively. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression ofany opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO or PAHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, orconcerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for whichthere may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended byWHO or PAHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietaryproducts are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO and PAHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, thepublished material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretationand use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO or PAHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Contents PrefaceAcknowledgementsAbbreviationsGlossary 1.1 Introducing the terminology “never treatment”21.2Reviewing the evidence on never treatment31.3 Whyis never treatment important?6Chapter 1 conclusions9 2.1What training should be done when including never treatment questionsin a survey?132.2 Assessing never treatment throughthe SCT132.3 Assessing never treatment through CES152.4 Assessing never treatment through LF EMS192.5Assessing never treatment through other household-based surveys24Chapter 2 conclusions27 3.1 Introduction293.2 Interpretingnever treatment data for decision-making30Chapter 3 conclusions38 4.1 Incorporation of never treatment intomicroplanning414.2 CDD flowchart to identify and respond tonever treatment during MDA434.3 Reaching never treatedindividuals th