地震位移

Global poverty declined to a fraction of its 1980s level — especially in Asia, wherefavorable demographics, global demand and coordinated policy drove rapideconomic development. Governments across the Global South pursued deliberatestrategies to embed their economies into global value chains: they established However, the success story came with structural shifts that many in the West failed tofully anticipate. As emerging economies rose, the economic center of gravity began Global value creation has shifted toward the Global South Development of shares in the global economy [USD PPP] In 1990, the US and other Western allies like the EU or Japan collectively dominatedglobal economic output. By 2023, however, that balance had tipped. The Global South— with China as its economic heavyweight — now accounts for roughly 50% of globaloutput (measured in PPP), with China alone contributing nearly a fifth. Various enabled global convergence is under strain — not only from populist backlash in the This Quarterly takes a closer look at the forces reshaping the global distribution ofpower. Drawing on major developments such as the backlash against globalization in The price of success: How the success of globalization led The unparalleled global integration of markets, capital, and technology over the pastdecades has generated extraordinary gains. Yet the very success of globalization hasalso laid the groundwork for its contestation — particularly in the industrializedeconomies that were once its most vocal proponents. In Western democracies, agrowing share of the population has come to perceive globalization not as an engineof prosperity, but as a driver of inequality, industrial decline, and social dislocation.Although globalization was not the only factor responsible for the disappearance of "Turning inward is not the answer.Rather than rejecting globalization,advanced economies should updatetheir playbook – invest in innovation, STEFFEN GEERINGSenior Specialist Shifting income dynamics following the financial crisis Total income growth by percentile across world regions [%] The income dynamics following the 2008 financial crisis marked another turning pointin globalization's distributive effects. While the crisis hit the advanced economies —especially the US and Europe — hard, emerging markets, led by China and India, This effect is especially visible in countries like France, Italy, and Germany, but also inthe US, where lower-income groups lost ground in relative terms — moving down theglobal income percentile ranks despite stable or slightly rising real incomes. These The growing discontent among citizens — especially in Europe and the United States— over the course of globalization has been visibly reflected in a series of landmarkpolitical events. Among them were the Brexit referendum in 2016 and the election of Since his re-election, Trump has moved swiftly to deliver on his protectionist agenda.Just days after his inauguration, he announced tariffs on China, Canada, and Mexico.This was followed in early April 2025 by what became known as Liberation Day, whensweeping tariffs were imposed on nearly every country in the world. Facing mountingpressure on US bond markets — yields on US Treasuries surged by 50 basis points from4% to 4.5% in a matter of days — Trump temporarily suspended the new tariffs for a The BRICS countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa — were also hit withsteep tariffs. In these cases, Trump has leveraged trade policy to pursue broader While Trump's aggressive use of tariffs and confrontational rhetoric mark a sharpescalation, the shift in America's stance on globalization predates his presidency.Under President Obama, the US had already begun to show signs of disengagementfrom the rules-based trade order, most notably by blocking the appointment of newjudges to the World Trade Organization's appellate body — effectively paralyzing its The Obama administration's decision to stall the WTO's appellate function thusreflected not only tactical concerns, but a deeper loss of confidence in the ability ofexisting institutions to address the realities of great power economic competition.Donald Trump then embraced unilateralism with open zeal. Even Joe Biden, despite Rise of the Global South: From rule-takers to rule-makers For generations, the Global South has navigated international relations throughcareful equilibrium. Emerging from the non-aligned movement, these nations Balanced approach of trade and security On trade versus security cooperation, do you prefer your country to be closer This delicate balance is now undergoing its most significant test in decades. Thetrigger came from an unexpected direction: trade policy. Washington imposedsteeper reciprocal tariffs on the Global South than on advanced economies, sendinga pointed message to key emerging powers. India was singled out for its continued In response, Global South nations have launched a two-