非洲本土药品生产投资价值论证

Policy review Building the casefor investment inlocal pharmaceuticalproduction in Africa A comprehensive frameworkfor investment policymakers @ 2025, United NationsAll rights reserved worldwide Requests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the CopyrightClearance Center at copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: United Nations Publications405 East 42nd StreetNew York, New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail: publications@un.orgWebsite: https.//shop.un.org/ The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and donot necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States. The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legalstatus of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation ofits frontiers or boundaries. This publication has been edited externally. Acknowledgements This report was prepared by a team at UNCTAD led by Bruno Casella under the guidance ofRichard Bolwijn and the overall direction of Nan Li, Director of the Investment and EnterpriseDivision at UNCTAD. The report benefited from advice, comments and inputs provided by Kiyoshi Adachi, ErmiasBiadgleng, Stephania Bonilla, Julien Bornon, Hamed El-Kady, Simona Marinescu, MassimoMeloni, Ian Richards , Amelia Santos-Paulino, Astrit Sulstarova and Arlette Verploegh at UNCTADDivision on Investment and Enterprise. The team also received valuable feedback from UNCTADcolleagues from other divisions, including Stephanie Garry and Anida Yupari Aguado. Researchassistance was provided by Prachi Sharma. UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges the extensive contributions of Rory Horner (University ofManchester), as well as the helpful comments and feedback provided by Geoffrey Banda(University of Edinburgh), Nazeem Mohammed (international pharmaceutical consultant), AndrésRodríguez-Pose (London School of Economics), Wesley Ronoh (Africa CDC) and Alastair West(international pharmaceutical consultant). UNCTAD extends its appreciation to Jicui Dong, Head of the Local Production and AssistanceUnit at the World Health Organization, for valuable discussions, including in the context of theWorld Local Production Forum 2023 in The Hague and of the UNCTAD World Investment Forum2023 in Abu Dhabi. The report was enriched by in-depth discussions held during two dedicated events at theUNCTAD World Investment Forum in October 2023, “Investment in Health” and “Investingin Vaccine Supply Chain Resilience and Local Production”. These events brought together adistinguished group of panellists, including Ghada Abuzaid, Nadeem Alduaij, Ahmed AlKhazraji,Nibal Dahaba, Jicui Dong, Rogério Gaspar, Rana Hajjeh, Vanessa Huang, Qutaiba Al Manaseer,Matthews Mmopi, Abdul Muktadir, Orhan Osmansoy and Tesfachew Taffere. UNCTAD further acknowledges the valuable insights gained from meetings with key stakeholdersduring the four-year UNCTAD–East African Community (EAC) project, “Investment Incentivesfor Local Production of Essential Antibiotics in East Africa”. Contributions were provided byrepresentatives of all EAC Member States, the EAC Secretariat, the World Health Organization,the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa and civil society organizations, such asthe Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership and ReAct – Action on AntibioticResistance, as well as the pharmaceutical industry in countries of the region. Participants in the African Special Economic Zones Annual Meeting, held in Nairobi (November2024), provided helpful insights on the role of such zones in supporting local production ofmedicines in Africa. The manuscript was edited by Lise Lingo. Cover design and desktop publishing were undertakenby the UNCTAD Communication and External Relations Section. Production of the report wassupported by Elisabeth Mareschal. Abbreviations AfCFTAAfrican Continental Free Trade AreaAfDBAfrican Development BankAMRantimicrobial resistanceAMRHAfrican Medicines Regulatory HarmonizationAPIactive pharmaceutical ingredientEACEast African CommunityFDIforeign direct investmentGDPgross domestic productGMPgood manufacturing practicesGVCglobal value chainIPAinvestment promotion agencyLDCsleast developed countriesMNEmultinational enterpriseSDGsSustainable Development GoalsSEZspecial economic zoneUNCTADUnited Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNECAUnited Nations Economic Commission for AfricaUNIDOUnited Nations Industrial Development OrganizationVATvalue added taxWHOWorld Health Organization Table of contents Acknowledgements......................................................................................................iiiAbbreviations........................................................................................