中国绿色金融

Green Finance in China Chen Hao31stOctober 2023，in Geneva 目录 Outline 中国绿色金融发展的五大支柱Overview of Green Finance Development in China1 2政策框架(时间和地区)Policy Framework (timeline & region) 绿色金融市场(绿色贷款和绿色债券)Green Financial Markets (green loans & bonds) 3 绿色金融在中国的挑战The Challenges of Green Finance in China 4 发展绿色金融：中国做了什么和还需要做什么？Topromote Green Finance:Whatwehave done andwhat needs to be done? 5 1.中国绿色金融发展的五大支柱Overview of Green Finance Development in China: 5-pillar structure 支柱一：绿色金融标准体系I. Green Financial Standard System 2018年中国成立绿色金融标准工作组In 2018, the establishment was approved by the Green FinanceStandard Working Group.目前，构建国内统一、与国际接轨、清晰可执行的绿色金融标准体系已经成为中国绿色金融体系主要目标。国际绿色金融体系主要目标，同时中国绿色金融标准框架和组织架构也已基本建立。To build a clear and executable Green Finance standard systemthat is A)unified domestically; B) in line with internationalstandards；C) clear and executable. 1.五大支柱5-pillar structure 支柱二：信息披露II. Information Disclosure 不断完善信息依法披露制度Constantly improving the legal disclosure system.要求金融机构公开披露发放碳减排贷款的情况以及贷款带动的碳减排数量等信息，Requiring financial institutions to publicly disclose information about the issuance ofcarbon emission reduction loans and the amount of carbon emission reduction that theloans have driven,由第三方专业机构进行核实验证。Verified by third-party professional institutions.推动地方绿色金融立法， 对地方金融机构环境信息披露提出明确要求。Topromote local Green Finance legislation, which put forward clear requirements onenvironmental information disclosure of local financial institutions.试验区200余家金融机构已试编制环境信息披露报告。More than 200 financialinstitutionsin the pilot zone have tried to compile environmental informationdisclosure reports. 1.五大支柱5-pillar structure 支柱三：激励约束机制III. Incentive and Restraint Mechanism 2018年起，中国人民银行全面开展银行业金融机构绿色信贷业绩评价。2021年将绿色债券业务纳入评价范围，引导金融机构有序增加绿色资产配置。Since2018,green loan performance evaluation was carried out for banking financialinstitutions. In 2021, Green bonds were included in the evaluation system.2021年人民银行推出了结构性货币政策工具：1.碳减排支持工具；2.另一个是支 持煤炭清洁高效利用专项再贷款，支持煤的大规模清洁生产、清洁燃烧技术运用等七个领域。In 2021, PBoC launched SMP tools: A) support tool for carbon emissionreduction; B) the special re-lending to support the clean and efficient use of coal.金融机构先向企业发放贷款，再向中国人民银行申请再贷款或奖励资金 。 Financial institutions grant loans to enterprises first, and then apply for re-loans orincentive funds from the People's Bank of China. 1.五大支柱5-pillar structure 支柱四：绿色金融产品和市场体系IV. Green Financial Products and Market System 通过鼓励金融产品创新、完善证券发行制度、规范交易流程、提升交易透明度等一系列制度安排，目前，中国已初步形成绿色贷款、绿色债券、绿色保险、绿色基金、绿色信托、碳金融产品等多层次绿色金融产品和市场体系。China hasinitially formed a multi-level Green Finance products and market system, includinggreen loans, bonds, insurance, fund, trust, and carbon financial products. 支柱五：国际合作V. International Cooperation 二十国集团可持续金融工作组G20 Working Group on Sustainable Finance中央银行和监管机构绿色金融体系网络Central Banks and Supervisors Network forGreening the Financial System (NGFS)“一带一路”绿色投资原则“The Belt and Road”Green Investment Principles (GIP) 2.绿色金融政策框架Green Finance Policy Framework 2015年是中国绿色金融创新发展的“开局之年”。2015 is the first year of innovation of GreenFinance in China. 把“绿色发展”提升到国民经济和社会发展理念的高度（列入“十三五”规划）。Elevated “greendevelopment” to the height of national economic and social development concepts (in the 13thfive-yearplan). 中国绿色金融发展相关政策导向呈现“四个并重”特点。Policy orientation: “paying equalattention to four aspects”. 第一，“促进发展”与“防范风险”并重。Equal emphasis on promoting development and guarding against risks.第二，“政策保障”与“市场创新”并重。Equal importance to policy support and market innovation.第三，“自上而下”与“自下而上”并重。Equal attention to the top-down and bottom-up mechanisms.绿色金融政策将更加强调将中央政府“自上而下”的绿色金融顶层设计和地方政府“自下而上”的绿色金融发展区域改革试点探索相结合。Green Finance policies place more emphasis on organically combiningthe “top-down” top-level design of the Central Government and the “bottom-up” pilot exploration of regionalreform by local governments.第四，“中国特色”与“国外智慧”并重。Equal importance to Chinese characteristics and foreign wisdom. 2020年9月，习近平主席在联合国大会上宣布了中国的30-60目标。In September 2020,President Xi Jinping announcement of China’s 30·60 targets at the United Nations GeneralAssembly. 2.中央政府“自上而下”的绿色金融顶层设计：按时间The “top-down” top-level design of the Central Government: based on thetimeline 2007-2023年，中央政府出台了一系列绿色金融相关政策。2007-2023, the central governmenthas introduced a series of green finance-related policies.2007年7月，中国历史上首次由环境和金融监管部门联合出台的关于金融支持环境保护的政 策法规——《关于落实环境保护政策法规防范信贷风险的意见》July 2007, first issuedOpinions jointly by environmental and financial regulatory authorities. The earliest green financepolicies date back to 2007.2012年2月原银监会发布了《绿色信贷指引》February 2012, Green Credit Guidelines（formerCBRC）.2013年7月，原中国银监会制定完善了《绿色信贷统计制度》July 2013, Statistical System ofGreen Credit（former CBRC）.2015年12月 ， 国 家 发 改 委 正 式 发 布《绿 色 债 券 发 行 指 引》December 2015,Green BondIssuance Guidelines（NDRC）.2018年1月，建立绿色贷款专项统计制度January 2018, Establishment of a Special StatisticalSystem for Green Loans（PBC）.…… 2.中央政府“自上而下”的绿色金融顶层设计：按时间The “top-down” top-level design of the Central Government: based on thetimeline 出台超过50多项指导意见、目录