The Policy Research Working Paper 10509, titled "Female-Worker Representation Effect: Gender Pay Variation in the Kuwaiti Civil Service," examines the relationship between wages, gender, and occupational and workplace segregation in Kuwait's civil service. The study finds that an important portion of the association between gender and wages is explained by occupational and workplace segregation of men and women. The paper concludes that occupations with a higher ratio of women to men tend to have lower wages for both genders when compared to workplaces with a more balanced gender ratio. The study also shows that Kuwaiti women working in the civil service earn, on average, 18 percent less than Kuwaiti men.
