2026 CSTA PK-12计算机科学标准

2026 CSTA PK–12COMPUTER SCIENCESTANDARDS Authors and Leadership CSTA Bryan Twarek,Head of Research & InnovationJacob Koressel, K–12 Standards Project ManagerJake Baskin, Executive Director WestEd Dr. Yvonne Kao,Senior Director, Learning Sciences and TechnologyDr. Aleata Hubbard Cheuoua, Senior Research Scientist, Learning Sciences and TechnologyMegan Schneider, Program Manager, Measurement and Evaluation Writing Team Elementary Team •Vicky Sedgwick(Team Lead), Chapter President, CSTA Greater Los Angeles,Canoga Park,CA•Dr. Raymond Anacaya, Teacher, Olanta Creative Arts and Science Magnet School,Florence, SC•Dr. Steven Azeka, Program Lead, Mozilla Foundation,New York, NY•Dr. Lea Ann Christenson, Professor, Towson University,Columbia, MD•Smita Kolhatkar, Assistant Head for Innovation, Responsible AI & Ed Tech, Gideon HausnerJewish Day School,Palo Alto, CA•Corey Rogers, Education Producer, Micro:bit Educational Foundation,Iowa City, IA•Sara Schnell, Standards Supervisor, Wyoming Department of Education,Bushnell, NE•Dr. Perry Shank, Chief Learning Officer, CodeVA,Harrisonburg, VA•Jessica Yauney, PhD Student, Stanford University,Stanford, CA Middle School Team •Justin Cannady(Team Lead), Head of Learner Experience and Design, Northern LightsCollaborative for Computing Education,Birmingham, AL•Rebekah Collipp, Computer Science Innovation Specialist, New Jersey Department ofEducation,Belle Mead, NJ•Dr. Michelle-Noelle Magallanez, Consultant,Paris, France•Melisa Nozière, Educational Technologist, The School at Columbia University,New York, NY•Dianne O’Grady-Cunniff, Consultant, University of Maryland Baltimore County,Waldorf, MD•Amanda O’Mara, STEM Teacher, Gilmour Academy Lower School,Cleveland Heights, OH•Dr. John Underwood, Advocate and Researcher,Baton Rouge, LA High School Team •Jacqueline Corricelli(Foundational Standards Lead), District Computer Science CurriculumSpecialist, West Hartford Public Schools,West Hartford, CT•Dr. Beth Simon(Specialty Standards Lead), Professor, University of California San Diego,SanDiego, CA•Melissa Bullen, Teacher, Southeast High School,Warr Acres, OK•Cindi Chang, CTE Director, Clark County School District,Henderson, NV•Tiffany N. Jones, Teacher, Global Impact Academy STEM Magnet High School,Fairburn, GA•Deborah Kariuki, Graduate Program Director, University of Maryland Baltimore County,Ellicott City, MD•Dr. Sonia Mitchell, Educator and Coach, Academy of Computer Science and Engineering,Springfield, MA•Jigar Patel, Director of Innovations & Special Projects, Tuscarora Intermediate Unit 11,Jonestown, PA•Andrew Spiece, Teacher, Genesee Intermediate School District,Fenton, MI Supporters CSTA gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the following organizations that madethe development of these Standards possible. Their commitment to advancing computerscience education ensures that teachers and students across the nation and world have theresources they need to thrive in a world powered by computing. •Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)•Google•Amazon•Microsoft CSTA also wishes to thank the Kapor Foundation for supporting theAmplifying Social Impactsof Computing Standards (ASICS)initiative. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National ScienceFoundation (NSF) under Awards No. 2444214, 2417779, 2311746, and 2118453. Anyopinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this materialare those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. Suggested Citation Computer Science Teachers Association. (2026).2026 CSTA PK–12 computer sciencestandards.https://csteachers.org/pk12standards/ DOI:https://doi.org/10.1145/3820482ISBN:979-8-4007-2780-1 License These Standards are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Accordingly,individuals and organizations are free to download, print, share, andadapt the materials in whole or in part, as long as they provide properattribution, use for non-commercial purposes, and share contributions or derivations under the same license. Contactstandards@csteachers.orgfor other licensing inquiries. Table of Contents Authors and Leadership. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iVision. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Defining Computer Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2About the CSTA PK–12 Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Revision Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Navig