加强蒙古健康饮食政策框架（英）

StrengtheningMongolia’s PolicyFramework for Health, Nutrition, & PopulationJune 2025 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was produced and written by a task team consisting of Libby Hattersley (Consultant, HEAH2), UranchimegTsevelvaanchig (Extended Term Consultant, HEAH2), and Kate Mandeville (Senior Health Specialist and Task Team The team would like to sincerely thank staff from the National Center of Public Health, Mongolian National University ofMedical Sciences (School of Public Health), Mongolian University of Science and Technology (Center for Improvement The team would also like to thank Kyoko Shibata Okamura (Senior Nutrition Specialist, HHNGE) and Chiara Dell’Aira(Young Professional, HHNGE) for their insightful comments, Badamkhand Bold for her administrative support, as wellas Caryn Bredenkamp (Practice Manager, HEAH2) and Taehyun Lee (Country Manager, EACMF) for their guidance. © 2025 The World Bank1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet:www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved. This work is a product of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work donot necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work anddoes not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respectto the use of or failure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors,denominations, links/footnotes and other information shown in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges andimmunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge,this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to thiswork is given. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank. 2025. Strengthening Mongolia’s Policy Framework forHealthy Diets. © World Bank.” Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, TheWorld Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; email:pubrights@worldbank.org TABLEOF CONTENTS Summary41. Introduction52. NCDs, Overweight and Obesity, and UnhealthyDiets in Mongolia63. Progress toward Global and NationalNutrition Targets114. Mongolia’s Current Approach to PromotingHealthy Diets145. Alignment with Best Practice Guidance186. Recommendations to Strengthen Mongolia’s PolicyFramework for Healthy Diets31Conclusion34Appendixes35 ABBREVIATIONS ANDACRONYMS BMIBody mass indexBMSBreast-milk substitutesCADcoronary artery diseaseCHDcongenital heart diseaseCVDCardiovascular diseaseDALYsDisability-Adjusted Life YearsDRIDietary Reference IntakesFOPFront of packFOPNLFront-of-pack nutrition labellingGCNFGlobal Child Nutrition FoundationGIFNAGlobal Database on Implementation of Food and Nutrition ActionsHCIHuman Capital IndexIHMEInstitute for Health Metrics and EvaluationiTFAIndustrially produced trans-fatty acidsLDLLow-density lipoproteinMNSMongolian National StandardMULSMongolian University of Life Sciences SUMMARY This policy note recommends a package of priority actions to strengthen Mongolia’s policyframework for healthy diets. These recommendations are based on a review of the current policyframework against global best practice and Mongolia’s progress toward global and nationalnutrition targets. Unhealthy diets are a major driver of malnutrition in all its forms and are widespread in Mongolia.Malnutrition has health, educational, income, and productivity consequences that cripple humanpotential and slow economic growth. Investments in nutrition are among the most beneficial investments The Government of Mongolia’s commitment to improving nutrition has achieved significant results inrecent decades, particularly in reducing child undernutrition (stunting and wasting). However, limitedto no progress toward other global and national nutrition targets, particularly those relating to healthydiets, overweight/obesity, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), indicates a need to Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions for promoting healthy diets are outlined in global guidancedocuments. A set of seven high-impact interventions have demonstrated cost-effectiveness andfeasibility in low- and middle-income countries: mandatory product reformulation policies; mandatoryfront-of-pack nutrition labelling (FOPNL); public food procurement and service policies; behaviorchange communication and mass media campaigns; restrictions on marketing of unhealthy foods andbeverages to