2025全球绿氢产业格局报告：关键进展、趋势及未来展望 (英文版)

The Global Green Hydrogen Landscape: Key Developments,Trends, and Future Outlook 1. Introduction to Green Hydrogen Green hydrogen, derived from water electrolysis powered by renewable energysources such as wind, solar, or hydropower, represents a pivotal element in the globaltransition towards a sustainable energy future.1Unlike hydrogen produced from fossilfuels, its production results in zero direct carbon emissions, establishing it as a cleanand sustainable alternative to conventional methods.1This clean energy carrier isparticularly crucial for decarbonizing sectors that are challenging to electrify directly,including heavy industry, long-haul transportation, and large-scale energy storage.1Its inherent high energy density further positions it as a promising alternative fuel,capable of addressing significant energy demands across diverse applications.6 The primary method for producing green hydrogen is electrolysis, a process thatutilizes an electric current to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.1Theefficiency and economic viability of this production method are heavily influenced by the type of electrolyzer employed—such as Alkaline, Proton Exchange Membrane(PEM), or Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells (SOEC)—and the specific renewable energysource utilized.1As a cornerstone of a sustainable energy ecosystem, green hydrogenis indispensable for achieving ambitious global net-zero emissions targets by 2050and enhancing energy security worldwide.5Its expanding role signals a profoundtransformation in how energy is produced, distributed, and consumed globally. 2. Key Companies Driving Green Hydrogen Development The green hydrogen sector is being propelled forward by a diverse array ofcompanies, ranging from established industrial gas giants to specialized electrolyzermanufacturers and innovative energy developers. Each contributes uniquely to theburgeoning hydrogen economy, leveraging distinct strengths and strategicapproaches. Global Industrial Gas Leaders Major industrial gas companies are playing a significant role in the green hydrogentransition, capitalizing on their extensive existing infrastructure and decades ofoperational experience. ●Linde, headquartered in Dublin, Ireland, is recognized as a global leader ininstalled hydrogen gas refueling stations, possessing an "unrivalled" hydrogeninfrastructure.10The company is actively involved in large-scale projects, includingDow's Path2Zero in Canada, which is projected to become the largest cleanhydrogen production facility in the country upon its completion in 2028.10●Air Liquide, based in Paris, France, has installed over 200 hydrogen stationsworldwide.10Their technological capabilities allow for hydrogen productionthrough electrolysis using renewable electricity or via methane/biomethanereforming combined with carbon capture and storage.10A notable strategicinitiative was their co-founding of the Hydrogen Council with Toyota in 2017, analliance that has since grown to nearly 150 members across various sectors,amplifying the voice of hydrogen on the international stage.10Air Liquide has alsojoined the Global Hydrogen Mobility Alliance to accelerate hydrogen mobility development in Europe.10 ●Air Products, a U.S.-based industrial gas supplier, brings over 65 years ofexperience in hydrogen production, storage, distribution, and dispensing.10In2024, the company secured a substantial 15-year agreement with TotalEnergiesto supply more than 60,000 tonnes of green hydrogen annually starting from2030, a supply expected to prevent over 600,000 tonnes of CO₂ emissions eachyear.10 The significant involvement of these established industrial gas companiesunderscores a critical underlying dynamic in the green hydrogen transition. Theirdecades of experience in hydrogen handling, existing production, storage, anddistribution networks, coupled with deep operational expertise, provide a substantialcompetitive advantage. This enables faster scaling and reduces the perceived risksassociated with large-scale green hydrogen projects. The deployment of greenhydrogen is thus significantly accelerated by adapting and leveraging these existingindustrial capabilities, rather than exclusively relying on the creation of entirely newinfrastructure. This also implies that initial market penetration for green hydrogen maybe strongest in industrial sectors where these companies already have a firmfoothold. Electrolyzer and Fuel Cell Specialists Specialized companies are at the forefront of developing the core technologiesnecessary for green hydrogen production and utilization. ●FuelCell Energy Inc., based in Connecticut, specializes in Direct Fuel Cell powerplants and is a key player in green hydrogen production, operating the world'smost expansive fuel cell park in South Korea.11The company focuses ontrigeneration technology, which produces hydrogen, water, and power fromnatural gas or biogas with a reduced carbon footprint, and is also advancing SolidOxide Ele