识别极度贫困和严重贫困人口：在多维贫困人口中

Identifying the destitute and severely pooramong the multidimensionally poor © 2025 United NationsAll rights reserved worldwide Photocopies and reproductions of excerpts are allowed with proper credits. All queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the UnitedNations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA), Authors: Rima Abdel-Khalek and Khalid Abu-Ismail. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply theexpression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status Links contained in this publication are provided for the convenience of the reader and are correct atthe time of issue. The United Nations takes no responsibility for the continued accuracy of that References have, wherever possible, been verified. Mention of commercial names and products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. References to dollars ($) are to United States dollars, unless otherwise stated. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. United Nations publication issued by ESCWA, United Nations House, Riad El Solh Square, Website:www.unescwa.org. 2500467E Key messages •Adjusting the thresholds of the Arab Multidimensional Poverty Index allows bothmoderate and destitute poverty to be captured within a single index. This avoidsthe dichotomy of applying the Arab Multidimensional Poverty Index to middle- •Applying this unified framework in Yemen for the year 2022–2023 shows that76.4 per cent of the population is living in multidimensionally poverty, •Results show that rural areas suffer disproportionately from overlappingdeprivations compared with urban areas. Severe poverty is markedly higher in Key messagesiiiIntroduction1 1.Framework A.Depth and intensity approaches to measuring multidimensional povertyB.Arab Multidimensional Poverty Index 2.Results A.Main findingsB.Contributions to the Multidimensional Poverty IndexC.Disaggregation by areaD.Correlation with the global Multidimensional Poverty Index 9101215 3.Conclusion AnnexReferences List of figuresFigure 1.Uncensored headcount ratios for moderate and destitute poverty using the Arab MPI for Yemen, 2023 7Figure 2.Multidimensional Poverty Index, headcount ratio, and intensity of deprivation using the ArabMPI for Yemen, 20239Figure 3.Censored headcount ratios for moderate, destitute and severe poverty using the ArabMPI for Yemen, 202310Figure 4.Contributions to MPI for moderate, destitute and severe poverty using the Arab MPI for Yemen, 202311Figure 5.Multidimensional Poverty Index values for moderate, destitute and severe poverty in Yemenby area, 202312 Introduction Combating poverty in the Arab region requiresa multidimensional lens that captures thematerial and non-material deprivations peopleface, particularly amid recurring conflict,economic fragility and social inequality. Whilemonetary measures for evaluating poverty for the Eradication of Multidimensional Poverty(2020–2030) was adopted at the Arab Summit The Arab MPI was then revised to better reflectsocioeconomic priorities in the region.It assigned greater weight to indicators related to standards of living, acknowledging the criticaldevelopment bottlenecks in many Arabcountries. This revised index was used in theSecond Arab Multidimensional Poverty Report,2 Until 2017, poverty measurement in the Arabregion relied on the global MultidimensionalPoverty Index (MPI), which was designed toreflect acute poverty in low-income settingsglobally. However, this framework does notfully capture the moderate levels of deprivationmore common in middle-income countries in The present paper proposes a unifiedframework that introduces acute povertythresholds into the Arab MPI. These thresholdsadjust deprivation cutoffs (depth approach) orraise the poverty cutoff (intensity approach) tobetter reflect poverty experienced in fragile There are three main reasons why settingdestitute thresholds for the indicators of theArab MPI may produce more suitable results forthe Arab region than the global MPI. Firstly, themain justification for the choice of dimensionsand indicators in the Arab MPI is the need toassign higher importance to indicators ofmaterial well-being and to select indicators that to the (weighted) sum of their deprivationprofiles. In the present paper, the first method isapplied to distinguish the destitute poor fromthe moderately poor population. The second is By tailoring measurement tools to reflect realconditions on the ground, this advances a moreinclusive and context-sensitive understanding ofpoverty in the Arab region, and provides a more Chapter 1 presents proposed adjustments tothe framework of the Arab MPI. In chapter 2,these methodological refinements are appliedto Yemen, a country heavil