第6版，《世界卫生组织卫生紧急情况方案流行病学公报》，世界卫生组织东南亚区域办事处，2026年3月25日。报告期：2026年3月9日至22日

WHO Health Emergencies ProgrammeWHO Regional Office for South-East Asia 6thedition(2026),25March2026Reportingperiod:09Marchto 22 March2026 Thisepidemiological bulletin aims to providethe situation of key infectiousdiseases intheWHOSouth-East AsiaRegionto inform risk assessmentsand responses. The bulletin usesinformation from publicly availablesources and Key events and updates.......................................................................................................................2Nepal: Avian influenza A(H5N1) in birds.................................................................................................................2New publication: Report of the 49thmeeting of the WHO Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS)...............................................................................................................................................................................2New publication: Malaria surveillance assessment toolkit: implementation reference guide, 2nd ed.................3New publication: Highlights from the Meeting of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) onImmunization 9-16 March 2026.............................................................................................................................3Influenza..............................................................................................................................................4Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region........................................................................................................4COVID-19.............................................................................................................................................6Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region........................................................................................................6mpox...................................................................................................................................................8Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region........................................................................................................8Dengue..............................................................................................................................................10Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region......................................................................................................10 Key events and updates Nepal:Avian influenza A(H5N1) inbirds Situation overview as of23March2026 •According totheWorld Animal Health Information System(WAHIS), outbreaks of A(H5N1) have been reportedamong poultry in Katahari, Sundarharaicha, and Uralabari municipalities in Morang district and Itahari municipality in Sunsari district in Koshi province.•On 15 March 2026, one shed experienced a sudden mortality event with about 100 commercial layers dyingacutely. Since then, increased mortality has been occurring across all sheds. Based on the investigation,outbreaks across locations began on 10 March with laboratory confirmation on 20 March 2026. Public Health Response: •Activation of national avian influenza control measures and quarantine in affected areas, culling of infected andat-risk poultry, biosecurity measures on farms. New publication:Report of the 49thmeeting of the WHO GlobalAdvisory Committee on VaccineSafety(GACVS) •The 49th WHO GACVS meeting reviewed emerging global vaccine safety evidence and policy issues in November 2025.•Meeting highlights include: oCOVID-19 vaccines continue to have a favourable benefit–risk profile, withno new major safety concerns identified.oThere is no credible evidence linking vaccines, thiomersal, or aluminiumadjuvants with autism spectrum disorder.oTheGACVS members emphasized theimportance of stronger vaccine safety monitoring, especially in low-and middle-income countries, including work New publication:Malaria surveillance assessment toolkit-Implementationreference guide •On 12 March 2026,WHO publishedthe malaria surveillance assessmenttoolkit–Implementation reference guide,second edition.•Itprovides a comprehensive but adaptable Assessment Framework and anassociated standardized package oftools: guidance materials, data collectionand analysis tools and report documents.•The toolkit alsoaligns and adapts available tools into a single set ofstandardized tools, which can be used to conduct malaria surveillanceassessments across all transmission settings. Use of these standardized tools New publication:Highlights from theMeeting of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) onImmunization9-16 March 2026 •The reportsummarizes discussions across six sessions, covering globalimmunization priorities, strategies, and policy guidance.•The initial sessions highlightthe current global immunization landscape,including key progress, challenges and emerging risks.•The following sessionspresentupdated recommend