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第04版，《世界卫生组织卫生紧急情况方案流行病学公报》，世界卫生组织东南亚区域办事处，2026年2月25日。报告期：2026年2月9日至22日

2026-02-25 世界卫生组织任云鹏

核心事件与更新

泰国：报告一例mpox相关死亡病例，患者为44岁男性囚犯，患有HIV、乙肝、丙肝和梅毒等基础疾病，导致免疫抑制和疾病加重。49名高风险接触者中，2名监狱卫生志愿者确诊mpox，症状轻微。
缅甸：观察到皮肤感染增加，与拥挤、卫生条件不足和 гуманитарные局势恶化有关，冲突地区自2024年以来频繁报告皮肤感染爆发，多数涉及疥疮合并细菌感染。
不丹：禽流感A(H5N1)在禽类中爆发，23只家禽死亡，建议加强农场生物安全措施，并禁止非法进口活禽和禽类产品。
新发布：
- 全球mpox快速风险评估报告，评估全球风险为中度。
- 快速即时风险评估(QIRA)算法用户手册，支持国家快速确定公共卫生信号的风险水平。
- 成员国快速风险评估(MS-RRA)工具用户手册，支持国家进行结构化、及时的风险评估。
- 公共卫生情报基础在线课程，加强全球 workforce 在早期发现和应对健康威胁方面的能力。

流感

2026年第6-8周，东南亚区域检测到188例流感阳性样本，阳性率为5.6%。
主要流行株为A(H3)亚型（39%），印度占主导地位；B(Victoria)谱系占34%，印度占主导地位。
不丹、缅甸和斯里兰卡阳性样本少于10例，老挝、马尔代夫和东帝汶未检测到样本。

COVID-19

东南亚区域8个国家（孟加拉国、不丹、印度、缅甸、尼泊尔、泰国）报告病例数呈下降趋势，但数据不完整。
整合流感-新冠病毒监测系统显示，2026年8周内病例数和阳性率有所下降。

Mpox

2026年2月9日至22日，东南亚区域报告5例新病例，其中泰国3例，印度2例。
自2022年7月14日以来，区域累计报告1205例确诊病例，14例死亡。
33例猴痘病毒(Ib)病例中，印度18例，泰国14例，尼泊尔1例。

登革热

2026年1月，斯里兰卡报告7868例，印度3544例，泰国1903例，东帝汶1281例。
东帝汶病例数较2025年同期增加4.6倍，2025年同期仅130例。
孟加拉国2026年8周报告123例新病例，较7周增加16%。
印度2026年1月报告3544例，较12月减少11%。
斯里兰卡2026年7周报告1533例新病例，较6周增加4.6%。

WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia4thedition(2026),25February2026Reportingperiod:09to22Feb2026 Thisepidemiological bulletin aims to providethe situation of key infectiousdiseases intheWHOSouth-East AsiaRegionto inform risk assessmentsand responses. The bulletin usesinformation from publicly availablesources andwill be published every two weeks.Forfeedback or suggestions, please writetoseoutbreak@who.int. Key events and updates......................................................................................................................2Thailand: mpox.........................................................................................................................................................2Myanmar: Skin infection...........................................................................................................................................2Bhutan: Avian influenza A(H5N1) in poultry............................................................................................................3New publication:Global Rapid Risk Assessment–mpox........................................................................................3New publication:User manual for the Quick and Immediate Risk Assessment (QIRA) algorithm for MemberStates.......................................................................................................................................................................4New publication: User manual for the Member State Rapid Risk Assessment (MS-RRA) tool...............................4New online course:Foundations of Public Health Intelligence...............................................................................5Influenza............................................................................................................................................6Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region..........................................................................................................6COVID-19............................................................................................................................................8Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region..........................................................................................................8Mpox...............................................................................................................................................10Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region........................................................................................................10Dengue.............................................................................................................................................12Situation in the WHO South-East Asia Region........................................................................................................12Bangladesh.............................................................................................................................................................13India........................................................................................................................................................................14Maldives..................................................................................................................................................................16Nepal.......................................................................................................................................................................16Sri Lanka..................................................................................................................................................................17Thailand..................................................................................................................................................................18 Key events and updates Thailand:mpox Situation overview as of 18 February 202612 •On 14 February 2026,theDepartment of DiseaseControl, Thailand Ministry of Public Health,reported oneconfirmed mpox-related death in a 44-year-old male inmate withunderlying conditions includingHIV, hepatitisB and C, and syphilis, resulting in severe immunosuppressionand increaseddiseaseseverity. He enteredprisonon 20 January 2026 witha wound onhislegandlater developed fever and a rashwith blisters onhisbody.Hewas hospitalized but died on 11 February 2026. Laboratory testing confirmeddetection ofmonkeypox virusclade II.It is suspected that the patient may have been infected before entering prison,and theimmunodeficiency resulting from a lack of HIV antiretroviral medicationexacerbated the disease progression.•On 18 February 2026,theDepartment of Disease Control, Thailand Ministry of Public Health,reportedthat, following investigation, 49 high-risk contacts were identified, including inmates and prison health volunteersinvolved in caring for the patient who died. A

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