交易科技的悖论：碎片化中的互联

The TradeTech Paradox:Connectivity Amid Fragmentation I N S I G H TR E P O R T Contents Foreword Executive summary Introduction 1The trade stack1.1Global foundational framework1.2National governance layer1.3Trade enabler layer 2The tradetech stack2.1Single-layer connections: innovations within layers 3Beyond the tech 3.1Inter-governmental collaboration3.2Connector countries3.3Cross-layer partnerships 4Strategic foresight stress test: exploring the resilienceof trade technologies in a changing world Conclusion Contributors Endnotes Disclaimer This document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated and ©2026 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopyingand recording, or by any informationstorage and retrieval system. Foreword Thani bin Ahmed Al ZeyoudiMinister of Foreign Trade,Ministry of Foreign Trade of theUnited Arab Emirates Børge BrendePresident and Chief ExecutiveOfficer, World Economic Forum Ahmed Jasim Al ZaabiChairman, Abu Dhabi Department The world is entering a period of profoundtransformation in global trade. Shifting geopoliticalalignments and evolving supply patterns arereshaping global flows, redefining how economiesconnect and compete and redrawing the map of integrates every layer, ensuring that commerceremains efficient, predictable and inclusive, even The report underscores that technology’s potentialis best realized when it is guided by collaboration.Tradetech both requires collaboration betweengovernments, industry and technology partners, This year’s report showcases catalytic effortsdesigned to responsibly scale innovations, includingthe TradeTech Regulatory Sandbox, helping Through the TradeTech Global Initiative, the UnitedArab Emirates Ministry of Foreign Trade, the AbuDhabi Department of Economic Development andthe World Economic Forum continue to advance At the core of this year’s work lies a new conceptuallens: the tradetech stack. This reveals howtrade is linked across global institutions, nationalregulators, enablers and enterprises through asingle, integrated digital continuum. Within this We invite all stakeholders to join us in shapinga future where trade is not divided by disruptionbut strengthened by collaboration, and wheretechnology serves as the enduring backbone Executive summary In an era of geopolitical fracture, the futureof trade depends on how technology Although geopolitics has always influenced globaltrade, the scale and speed of today’s shifts signifya more profound transformation. Specifically,the global order underpinning trade, notably therules, alliances and systems that have governedexchange for decades, is being actively rewritten. However, technology alone cannot safeguard thesystem it powers. As digital infrastructure becomesa bargaining chip in geopolitical competition, relyingon technology as the sole solution risks deepening This report introduces a new way to visualize thisrelationship: the tradetech stack. The tradetechstack illustrates how institutions, technology andthe people who drive them interact as a livingframework, one that is constantly evolving to remaineffective. However, unlike the role of governments, Technology offers part of the answer. The modernintegration of digital infrastructure across every layerof the trading system has allowed global commerceto transform from a series of transactions intoan interconnected, adaptive network capable of Thus, to ensure that trade remains stable,technology must be enabled. This year’s analysishighlights three reinforcing pillars essential to Concrete examples throughout the reportdemonstrate how emerging technologies arealready enabling new efficiencies and inclusion 1Collaborative governance 2Cross-layer partnerships –Agentic artificial intelligence (AI) and intelligentassistants empowering small and medium-sized Human capacity Ultimately, the resilience of technology amidgeopolitical shifts depends not only on digitalinnovation but on human collaboration. Byreinforcing both the digital and human layers of theglobal trading system, technology, as an integral –Digital trade finance platforms widening accessto liquidity and accelerating time-to-cash –Blockchain and digital documentation tools –The internet of things (IoT), data platformsand digital twins increasing transparency and Introduction Geopolitics is reshaping trade andtechnology, yet digital tools can sustainflows, deepen resilience and expand Since the end of World War II, international tradehas been anchored by a rules-based systemand institutions that reduced trade barriers andexpanded markets. The General Agreement onTariffs and Trade (GATT), succeeded by the WorldTrade Organization (WTO), provided the frameworkfor t