新兴市场的外国直接投资趋势：聚焦非洲

A focus on Africa Foreign direct investment trendsin emerging markets A focus on Africa Clearance Center at copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licences, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: 405 East 42nd Street, S-11FW001New York, New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail: publications@un.org not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States. the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legalstatus of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication has not been formally edited. on Trade and Development Acknowledgements Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD, by a team led by Amelia U. Santos-Paulino.Claudia Trentini provided background research. Ashraf Abdelaal, Hamed El Kady, StephaniaMageste, Massimo Meloni and Astrit Sulstarova also provided research inputs. Richard Bolwijnprovided extensive comments and advice. The report further benefited from comments andvaluable feedback from Christine Achieng Awiti, Habiba Ben Barka, Stephania Bonilla, JosephClements, Mathilde Closset, Chantal Dupasquier, Penelope Hawkins, Guoyong Liang, JasonMunyan, Andrés Miguel Rondon and Anja Slany. Yi Liu, Pascal Mayer and Prachi Sharmaprovided valuable research assistance.UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges the insightful review by and comments from Bart Le Blancand Simona Marinescu. Markets Forum 2024, held from 22 to 24 October in Washington D.C., for their valuable feedback.UNCTAD further gratefully acknowledges the contributions of Harinder S. Kohli (EmergingMarkets Forum) for his insightful input in shaping a background paper and discussions at the and Katia Vieu. Abbreviations AfCFTAAfrican Continental Free Trade AreaASEANAssociation of Southeast Asian NationsBEPSBase Erosion and Profit ShiftingBICFITBaku Initiative for Climate Finance, Investment, and TradeBITbilateral investment treatyBRIBelt and Road InitiativeCAGRcompound annual growth rateCITcorporate income taxCOPConference of the Parties of the UNFCCCCOVID-19coronavirus disease 2019ECIEconomic Complexity IndexEURIBOREuro Interbank Offered RateFDIforeign direct investmentGDPgross domestic productGloBEGlobal Anti-Base ErosionGVCglobal value chainIBORinterbank offered rateIFIinternational finance institutionIIAinternational investment agreementIMFInternational Monetary FundIPAinvestment promotion agencyIPFSDinvestment policy framework for sustainable developmentITinformation technologyLDCleast developed countryLLDClandlocked developing countryMDBmultilateral development bankMNEmultinational enterpriseMVIMultidimensional Vulnerability IndexODAofficial development assistanceOECDOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentPPPpublic-private partnership Table of contents Abbreviations....................................................................................................ivExecutive summary.............................................................................viIntroduction..........................................................................................1 Chapter IForeign direct investment trends........................................................3 1.2 Investment in productive capacities...........................................................................101.3 Investment in the sustainable development goals.......................................................18 Investment policy trends...................................................................21 2.1.1 General trends.................................................................................................................232.1.2 Policy measures by type..................................................................................................242.1.3 Outward FDI policies........................................................................................................262.2 International policies..................................................................................................27 Chapter 3Addressing the challenges and capturing the opportunities.........29 3.2 Opportunities.............................................................................................................34 Chapter 4 Policy recommendations...................................................................37 4.2 Mitigating investment risks and high capital costs......................................................394.3 Mobilizing private investment for critical sectors..........................................................40 ANNEX........................................................................................................................................44 ExecutiveExecutivesummary (FDI) trends in global emerging markets, with a focus on Africa. It id