东南亚区域办事处公共卫生技术转让和知识产权管理

Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Management for Public Health in theRegional Office for South-East Asia ISBN: 978-92-9022-189-0 © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike3.0IGO licence (CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, providedthe work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHOendorses any specificorganization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt thework, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create atranslation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation wasnot created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of thistranslation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rulesof the World Intellectual Property Organization. Suggested citation. Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Management for Public Health in the Regional Officefor South-East Asia. New Delhi: World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2025. Licence: CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHO publications, see http://apps.who.int/bookorders. To submit requests forcommercial use and queries on rights and licensing, see http://www.who.int/about/licensing. Third-party materials. If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables,figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtainpermission from thecopyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned componentin the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, cityor area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines onmapsrepresentapproximateborderlinesforwhichtheremaynotyetbefullagreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed orrecommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissionsexcepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However,the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibilityfor the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arisingfrom its use. Facts and data pertaining to the Republic of Indonesia are included in this report as the Member State was affiliated tothe World Health Organization’s South-East Asia Region at the time the report was commissioned and prepared. It isto be noted here that Indonesia was reassigned to the WHO Western Pacific Region with effect from June 2025following a resolution to that effect adopted by the Seventy-eighth World Health Assembly in Geneva in May 2025. Printed in India Contents Pages1.Introduction:........................................................................................................................52.WHO equitable access to health products: StrategicArea..................................................72.1Public Health in three international organizations.....................................................73.Chapter II: Intellectual Property (IP) Management for Healthcare Innovations....................93.1Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement of WTO andaccess for Health Innovations...................................................................................93.2TRIPS Flexibilities....................................................................................................104.Chapter III. Strategies for Commercialization, Technology Transferand Equitable Access........................................................................................................114.1The Strategic role of IP Management and TechnologyTransfer Offices(TTOs)...........................................................................................115.Intellectual prop