2025揭秘当今与未来量子技术能力：白皮书汇编

Table of Contents CHAPTER1: QUANTUMCOMPUTINGANDPQC …………………………………………………..………………..... 4 INTRODUCTION.…………………………………………………….…………………………………………………..………….. 5●GLOBALGOVERNMENTENGAGEMENTWITHQUANTUMTECHNOLOGIES.………………………………….………….. 6●U.S. QUANTUMPOLICY.……………………………………………………………………………………...………….. 7QUANTUMCOMPUTING………………………………………………….…………………………………………………..………….…... 8●QUANTUMAPPLICATIONSOFTWARE.………………………………………………………….…………...………….. 11●QUANTUMCOMPUTING: NEAR-TERMAPPLICATIONS(1-3YEARS).…………………………………………..…….. 12●QUANTUMCOMPUTING: MID-TERMAPPLICATIONS(3-7YEARS).…………………………………………….…….. 16●QUANTUMCOMPUTING: LONG-TERMUSECASES(7+YEARS)..…………………………………………….….…….. 17●CHALLENGESFORQUANTUMCOMPUTING.………………………………………………………………….….…….. 18POSTQUANTUMCRYPTOGRAPHY…………………………………………………..……………………………………..…... 19●PQCANDU.S. GOVERNMENTACTIVITIES.………………………………………………………………….….…….. 20●SUCCESSFULMIGRATIONTOPQC: NECESSARYSTEPSFORORGANIZATIONS……………………………………….. 21CHAPTER1: CONCLUSION………………………………….…………………………………………………..…………….… 22 QUANTUMSENSING…………………………………..……………………………………………………….………………… 25●QUANTUMSENSINGANDMETROLOGY………………………………………………………………………..…….….. 25●GLOBALINTERESTINQUANTUMSENSING……………………………………………………………………………... 25●UNDERSTANDINGQUANTUMSENSING…………………………………………………………………………..……... 27●THEADVANTAGESOFQUANTUMSENSING.………………………………………………………………..…..……... 28●TYPESOFQUANTUMSENSINGTECHNOLOGY.………………………….…………………………………..…..……... 29●QUANTUMSENSINGPROVIDINGCOMMERCIALANDNATIONALSECURITYVALUE..…………………………..……... 31●COMMERCIALVALUE……………………………………………………………………………………….……..……... 31●NATIONALSECURITYVALUE……………………………………………………………………………………………... 33●RESEARCHVALUE………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 33●IMPLEMENTATIONANDCHALLENGES…………………………………………………………………………..………... 34●TECHNOLOGYREADINESSOFQUANTUMSENSING…………………………………………………………...………... 34●LEADINGPLAYERS:…………………………………………………………...……………...……………...………..... 36QUANTUMSENSINGPOLICYANDRECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………….……….………… 37CHAPTER2: CONCLUSION: A CALLTOACTIONFORAFUTUREPOWEREDBYQUANTUMSENSING……………………… 38CHAPTER3- QUANTUMNETWORKING& QUANTUMCOMMUNICATIONS…………………………………… 39QUANTUMNETWORKING& COMMUNICATIONS………………………………………………………………………………… 402 ●GLOBALENGAGEMENTONQUANTUMNETWORKING& COMMUNICATIONS……………….……………….…….….. 41●QUANTUMNETWORKINGANDCOMMUNICATIONSTECHNOLOGIES…………………………………………………... 46●INDUSTRIESTHATCOULDBENEFITFROMQUANTUMNETWORKING& COMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGIES.………... 49●QUANTUMNETWORKING& COMMUNICATIONSKEYPLAYERS.……….…….…….…….…….…….…….……….... 50●CHALLENGESFACINGQUANTUMNETWORKINGANDCOMMUNICATIONS.……….…….………………...………..... 53CHAPTER3: CONCLUSION: A CALLTOACTIONTOADVANCEQUANTUMNETWORKINGANDCOMMUNICATIONS….….… 55COMPILATIONCONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………………………….… 56●POLICYRECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………………………………….……... 56 White Paper Demystifying the Capabilities of Quantum Chapter 1: Quantum Computing and PQC ATARC Global Quantum Working Group Copyright © ATARC 2024 Introduction Governments around the world are increasingly engaging with the quantum industry andinvesting in quantum technologies. The role of the ATARC Global Quantum Working Group isto collaborate with thought leaders within government, academia, and the private sectorregarding the multiple aspects of quantum technology. As part of this charge, working group Broadly, quantum physics is the “study of matter and energy at the most fundamental level.” Quantum technologies exploit quantum physics and quantum mechanical effects which canlead to new capabilities in computing, communications, networking, and sensing. Whilequantum physics has been studied for decades, it is the newest innovation by the quantum Currently, there is no set global standard for technology readiness levels for quantumtechnologies, so understanding the capabilities of computing, communications, networking, and sensing can be confusing. An overview of the quantum ecosystem and its technologies hasbeen provided by Steve Blank, a U.S. entrepreneur, technologist and professor2. That taken in concert with the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) baseline for To further explain quantum computing, theATARC Global Quantum Working Grouphas released two other white papers. “Applied Quantum Computing for Today’sMilitary,”4outlined use casesdemonstrating how the military could Given the depth of the quantum technology industry, the ATARC Global Quantum WorkingGroup will release chapters of this white paper throughout 2024 focused on differentsegments of the industry. Chapter 1 will discuss quantum computing and post quantum Global Government Engagement with Quantum Technologies Since January 2023, several countries have announced new quantum funding efforts orexpansion of their existing quantum programs, including Canada, Australia, Germany, France,India, and the United Kingdom (U.K.). In the U.S., the national quantum strategy falls under theNational Quantum Initiative Act (NQI) which Congress was supposed to reauthorize by According to Qureca, as of July 2023, worldw