非洲电力可及性融资：世界能源展望特别报告

INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY The IEA examines thefull spectrumof energy issuesincluding oil, gas andcoal supply anddemand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement andmuch more. Throughits work, the IEAadvocates policiesthat will enhance thereliability, affordabilityand sustainability ofenergy in its32Member countries,13Associationcountries andbeyond. IEAAssociationcountries: IEAMembercountries: AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraine This publication and any mapincluded herein are withoutprejudice to the status of orsovereignty over anyterritory, to the delimitationof international frontiers andboundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEA Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org This report was prepared by the Office of the Chief Energy Economist in the Directorate ofSustainability, Technology and Outlooks, in co-operation with other directorates and officesof the International Energy Agency (IEA). This report was led byEmma Gordon, Investment and Energy Policy Analyst, and designedand directed together withTim Gould, Chief Energy Economist, andCecilia Tam, Head of theEnergy Investment Unit. The lead authors of the analysis were:Lorenzo Albertini(affordability, decentralisedsolutions),Mona Boufraine(affordability),Lauren Chan(blended finance),Luke Hatton(costof capital),Alessia Stedile(tracked financing commitments), andAdam Ward(affordability,vulnerable communities).Arthur Rogéprovided key support on electricity access datamodelling. Other contributions were from:Alina Ho,Haneul Kim,andBrendan Reidenbach.The reportbenefitted from collaboration with the Tracking Sustainable Transitions unit, led byDanielWetzel, with contributions fromNouhoun Diarra,Isabella Notarpietro,Sander Maebe. Kungliga Tekniska högskolan (KTH) provided GIS modelling analysis.TSE Junior Etudessupported the data collection for grid tariff levels and government energy expenditure. Dataon historic financing commitments was developed with methodological support fromSustainable Energy for All and Climate Policy Initiative. The Global Platform for Actionprovided insights and inputs related to electricity access in humanitarian settings. Eleni TsoukalaandDavina Tillprovided essential support. Justin French-Brookscarried editorial responsibility.Andrea Pronzatiled on graphic design. Thanks go to the IEA Communications and Digital Office for help in producing the report andwebsite materials, particularly Jethro Mullen, Poeli Bojorquez, Curtis Brainard, AstridDumond, Liv Gaunt, Grace Gordon, Julia Horowitz and Wonjik Yang. The IEA Office of theLegal Counsel, Office of Management and Administration and Energy Data Centre providedassistance throughout the preparation of the report. This analysis has been supported by the Clean Energy Transitions Programme, the IEA’sflagship initiative to transform the world’s energy system to achieve a secure and sustainablefuture for all. Peer reviewers and stakeholder discussions The comments and suggestions of the following experts who provided input and reviewedpreliminary drafts of the report were of great value: Citi Zach Bloomfield ColumbiaCentreonSustainableInvestmentHusk PowerSustainable Energy for AllPolitecnico di MilanoGOGLAAfrican Development BankEskomGIZAlliance for Rural ElectrificationMinistry of Energy, ZambiaTransformingEnergy Access,CarbonTrustPolitecnico di MilanoEskomNorwegianAgency for DevelopmentCooperationAfrican Development BankAfricanEnergy Commission of theAfrican UnionOnePowerAfrican Development BankGlobal Platform for ActionPhaosMOONSustainable Energy for AllAfrican UnionTriple JumpColumbiaCentreonSustainableInvestmentHaki EnergyEasySolarAfricanEnergy Commission of theAfrican UnionTrama TecnoAmbiental Gianluca TonoloAlexandre TourreYagouba Traore The work reflects the views of the International Energy Agency Secretariat but does notnecessarily reflect those of individual IEA member countries or of any particular funder,supporter or collaborator. None of the IEA or any funder, supporter or collaborator thatcontributed to this work makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, inrespect of the work’s contents (including its completeness or accuracy) and shall not beresponsible for any use of, or reliance on, the work. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundariesand to the name of any territory, city or area. Comments and questions are welcome and s