斯威士兰农业部门回顾：催化农业食品系统转型

Catalyzing Agri-Food System Transformation FINALREPORT June20, 2025 Agriculture and Food Global PracticeEastern and Southern AfricaWorld Bank TABLE OF CONTENTS iiACRONYMS..........................................................................................................................iiiACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..........................................................................................................vEXECUTIVE SUMMARY..........................................................................................................vi1.Introduction...................................................................................................................12.Trends in agriculture sector performance.......................................................................43.Key drivers and bottlenecks of agricultural growth in Eswatini......................................113.1 Drivers.......................................................................................................................114.Unlocking opportunities for value-chain development in Eswatini................................144.1Overview..............................................................................................................144.2Value Chain Profitability Snapshot........................................................................154.3Constraints to Value Chain Development...............................................................204.4Value chain developmentasan opportunity to bridgethedualistic agriculture system……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..225Reorienting public investment toward agri-footransformation through market-drivenoutcomes........................................................................................................................245.1Overview..............................................................................................................245.2Assessment of the policies and strategies..............................................................255.3Trends in agricultural public spending...................................................................265.4Why Current Public Programs Are Underperforming for Value Chain Development316.Conclusions and Recommendations.............................................................................346.1Conclusions..........................................................................................................346.2Recommendations................................................................................................35ANNEX 1. METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATIONS.......................................................................39ANNEX 2. RECENT GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TARGETING THE AGRICULTURESECTOR...............................................................................................................................42ANNEX 3. COUNTRY COMPARISONS.....................................................................................44BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................................................46 ACRONYMS AFIAAgri-Food IndustryAssociationAPEAgricultural Public ExpendituresAUAfrican UnionCAADPComprehensive Africa Agriculture Development ProgrammeCMACommon Monetary AreaCPFCountry Partnership FrameworkCSAClimate-SmartAgricultureDFADevelopment FinanceAssistanceDFIDevelopment Finance InstitutionEEmalangeni (Eswatini Currency)EADFEswatini Agricultural Development FundEDBEswatini Dairy BoardEMIEswatini Meat IndustriesENAIPEswatini National Agricultural Investment PlanEWADEEswatiniWater and Agricultural Development EnterpriseFAOFood and Agriculture OrganizationFFSFarmerFieldSchoolsFMDFoot and Mouth DiseaseGDPGross Domestic ProductGMOGenetically Modified OrganismGoEGovernment of EswatiniIAInvestment AreaIFADInternational Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentIMFInternational Monetary FundISPInput Subsidy ProgramLMELiquid Milk EquivalentsLMICLow Middle-Income CountryLUSIPLower Usuthu Smallholder Irrigation ProjectMOAMinistry of AgricultureMOFMinistry of FinanceMCCMilk Collection CentersNAMBoardNational Marketing BoardNMCNational Maize CorporationPERPublic Expenditure ReviewPIIPolicy Implementation InstrumentPMOProducer Marketing OrganizationsPPPsPublic Private Partnerships PPPPurchasing Power ParitySACUSouthern African Customs UnionSADCSouth African Development CommunityS&MSmall and MediumSNLSwazi Nation LandSMLPSmallholder Market-Led ProjectSOEState-OwnedEnterpriseTDLTitle Deed LandTFPTotal Factor ProductivityEUEuropean Union ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Agriculture Sector Review (ASR) was prepared by a team led by Hardwick Tchale (Lead AgriculturalEconomist) and co-led by Hanane Ahmed (Senior Agriculture Economist) and included Daniel P. Gerber(Senior Agricultural Specialist), Easther Chigumira (Senior Agricultural Economist), Marko Kwaramba(Senior Economist), and Simangele Batiti Nkambule (Executive Assistant). The analysis a