越南每两年一次的贫困与公平更新：迈向更具包容性的城市2024

Towards more inclusive citiesJune 2024 © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank with external contributions.The findings, interpretations, andconclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors,or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Theboundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on thepart of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of TheWorld Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy,distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2024. Viet Nam bi-annual poverty & equity update - June 2024 –Towards more inclusive cities. Washington, DC: World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution: Thistranslation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The WorldBank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along with the attribution:This is an adaptation of an original work by The World Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adaptation are the soleresponsibility of the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank. Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content contained withinthe work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party-owned individual component orpart contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from suchinfringement rests solely with you. If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determinewhether permission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples of componentscan include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H StreetNW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. Cover design:Ha Doan andSaengkeo Touttavong VIET NAM BI-ANNUALPOVERTY & EQUITY UPDATE Towards more inclusive citiesJune 2024 Contents Abbreviations.................................................................................................................. viiAcknowledgments.......................................................................................................... viii Part 1. Poverty & Equity Update.........................................................................................................................................1Part 2. Poverty and Inclusion in Urban Areas and Cities................................................................................................3 A decade of successful poverty reduction in Viet Nam stalled during the COVID-19 pandemic..........................10Pandemic-related slowdowns interrupted long-run poverty and inequality trends in the East Asiaand Pacific region...............................................................................................................................................................10In 2022, progress in poverty reduction stalled..............................................................................................................11Household impacts varied, with urban areas more negatively impacted than rural ones......................................13Differences in poverty trends across geographic regions are evident.......................................................................15The vulnerable have fewer coping strategies and experienced worsening conditions..........................................16Inequality declined slightly as households at the higher ends of the distribution experienced relativelymore adverse impacts than those at the bottom, particularly those in urban areas................................................18 2. Sources and dynamics behind changes in poverty......................................................... 22In 2022, labor incomes experienced small declines