菲律宾经济更新：人人享有安全饮水和卫生设施

Safe Water And Sanitation For AllPublic Disclosure Authorized DECEMBER 2023 PREFACE The Philippines Economic Update (PEU) summarizes key economic and social developments,important policy changes, and the evolution of external conditions over the past six months. It alsopresents findings from recent World Bank analyses, situating them in the context of the country’s long-term development trends and assessing their implications for the country’s medium-term economicoutlook. The update covers issues ranging from macroeconomic management and financial-marketdynamics to the complex challenges of poverty reduction and social development. It is intendedto serve the needs of a wide audience, including policymakers, business leaders, private firms andinvestors, and analysts and professionals engaged in the social and economic development of thePhilippines. The PEU is a biannual publication of the World Bank’s Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment (MTI)Global Practice (GP), prepared in partnership with the Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation(FCI); Poverty and Equity; Social Protection and Jobs (SPJ). Lars Christian Moller (Practice Managerfor the MTI GP), Gonzalo Varela (Lead Economist and Program Leader), and Ralph van Doorn (SeniorEconomist) guided the preparation of this edition. The team consisted of Kevin Cruz (Economistand Task Team Leader), Karen Lazaro (Research Analyst), Ludigil Garces and Patrizia Benedicto(Consultants) from the MTI GP; Radu Tatucu (Senior Financial Sector Specialist) and Ou Nie(Financial Sector Economist) from the FCI GP; Nadia Belghith (Senior Economist) and Sharon Piza(Economist) from the Poverty & Equity GP; Paula Cerutti (Senior Economist), Ruth Rodriguez (SeniorSocial Protection Specialist), Yoonyoung Cho (Senior Economist) and Ma. Laarni Revilla (Consultant)from the SPJ GP. A World Bank team from the Water GP, consisting of Ma. Fiorella Delos ReyesFabella (Senior Economist), Aude-Sophie Rodella (Lead Water Economist), Georges Comair (SeniorEconomist), and Annabella Simbulan (Consultant) prepared the Special Focus Note on EnsuringSustainable Water Supply and Sanitation, under the guidance of Maria Angelica Sotomayor (PracticeManager) and Lars Moller. The report was edited by Oscar Parlback (Consultant), and the graphicdesigner was Pol Villanueva (Consultant). Peer reviewers were Alief Aulia Rezza (Senior Economist),Indira Maulani Hapsari (Senior Economist) and Fan Zhang, Lead Economist, SWADR. Logistics andpublication support were provided by Geraldine Asi (Team Assistant). The External CommunicationsTeam, consisting of Clarissa David, David Llorito, Stephanie Margallo, and Moira Enerva (Consultant)prepared the media release, dissemination plan, and web-based multimedia presentation. The team would like to thank Ndiame Diop (Country Director for Brunei, Malaysia, Philippines, andThailand) for his advice and support. The report benefited from the recommendations and feedbackof various stakeholders in the World Bank as well as from the government, the business community,labor associations, academic institutions, and civil society. The team is grateful for their contributionsand perspectives. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in the PEU are thoseof the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank’s executive board or anynational government. If you wish to be included in the email distribution list for the PEU and relatedpublications, please contact Geraldine Asi (gasi@worldbank.org). For questions and commentsregarding the content of this publication, please contact Kevin Cruz (kcruz@worldbank.org). Questionsfrom the media should be addressed to David Llorito (dllorito@worldbank.org). For more informationabout the World Bank and its activities in the Philippines, please visit www.worldbank.org/ph.and do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank’s executive board or any nationalgovernment. TABLE OFCONTENTS PrefaceTable of ContentsList of FiguresList of TablesList of BoxesAbbreviations and AcronymsExecutive Summary Part I. Recent Economic and Policy Developments 1.1Recent Global Developments: Subdued Global Activity111.2Output and Demand: Outperforming Peers Despite Slower Growth Momentum141.3Inflation and Monetary Policy: Sustained Price Pressures171.4External Sector: Recovering Tourism and Narrowing Trade Deficit191.5Fiscal Sector: Performing in Line with Consolidation Targets221.6Employment and Poverty: Slowing job creation25 Part II. Outlook and Risks 2.1Growth Outlook2.2Poverty and Shared Prosperity2.3Risk and Policy Challenges 283839 Part III. Water Security for Resilient and Inclusive Growth: Securing the Basics, Rising tothe Challenges 3.1Water Security as the Cornerstone of Resilient and Inclusive Development and ClimateAdaptation443.2Understanding the WSS Gaps: Institutions, Incentives, and investments533.2.1Institutions: Need for Greater Integration and Efficiency553.2.2 Incentives: Need for Better Valuing W