政府采用商业技术的机会

Opportunities for Government Adoption of CommercialTechnologies As adopted from the TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY SUBCOMMITTEE(TES) WORKING GROUP 4FINAL REPORT: Opportunities for Government Adoption of CommercialTechnologies February 25, 2008 SUMMARY The task set for WG4 was to identify (in a broad sense) opportunities for introducing morespectrally efficient technologies into Federal government systems that utilize the radio spectrum.The focus was on providing the Federal govermment with visibility into private sector experiencein developing and deploying more spectrally efficient devices/systems. It was an objective of this task to analyze major categories of Federal radio spectrum usage (e.g..point-to-point microwave and mobile communications systems) in especially important regionsof the spectrum and to forward to the full committee for its consideration possible opportunitiesfor adoption of commercial techniques for improving such usage. It was further understood that this task would require ongoing input from NTIA in terms ofmajor usage categories and, where national security and other considerations permit, anindication of the state-the-art of the equipment/systems that are deployed in each category. Thecommittee recognized that the Federal government, including the DoD, is already takingimportant steps to develop and deploy more technically efficient systems. Given the desire of the committee and NTIA for an early report on the deliberations of the fullcommittee, it was understood that only a limited number of opportunities could be addressed inthis initial effort. This interim report is provided as a summary on the preliminary activities of WG4. This reporthas been prepared based on submissions to the WG, discussions and other appropriate material.The topics covered include aspects of mobile communications and the experiences of thecommercial systems in this arena. Throughout this discussion and review, it was recognised that there are two aspects ofgovernment adoption of commercial technologies. In some cases it may be appropriate forgovernment traffic to be carried by suitable commercial service networks. In other cases it maybe more appropriate for aspects of the technology of commercial systems to be incorporated intothe radio systems operated by the government. Generally, the recommendation would be toutilise commercial services when appropriate. However, as many government services operatein areas beyond the reach or capability of commercial services, much of the discussion in thisreport considers the application of commercial technology to systems operated by thegovernment. A number of underlying technical factors have shaped the recent development of commercialmobile radio systems and are the basis for their current success and efficiency. Anunderstanding of these fundamentals of the commercial systems may be useful for developmentand evolution of some government radio communications systems. The most fundamental basicdevelopment in the commercial systems has been the widespread adoption of standards that canaccommodate and evolve to support a wide variety of services and features. It is thecommonality of the standardised systems that has achieved the low cost and ubiquitousavailability of the commercial networks. Such standards also include procedures for compliancetesting of conformance and network interoperability. Some of the fundamental technologies inthese standards include: (a) standardised source and service coding and interconnection of networks;(b) pooling of radio system resources across multiple users and services;(c) computing resources in the end user terminals;(d) digital radio modulation including i. error control coding & standardisation;ii. network inter-working and aggregation of spectrum and traffic;ii.interference limited frequency reuse; andiv. advanced antenna systems. It is suggested that the government radio systems would benefit, to the extent that they have notdone so already, from adopting common commercial standards for radio systems acrosscompatible applications and sharing the radio system network resources across compatibleservices/users/groups. Adopting a common radio system would facilitate common digitalplatforms with such features as co-channel frequency reuse, common coding of services,common authentication (authorisation/accounting/billing, etc.), shared use of channels whereapplicable, compliance/interoperability testing, and adaptation to multiple radio modes.Interworking of traffic among various existing networks would also facilitate flexibility andcommunications among diverse agencies. The objective in introducing these techniques wouldbe to move towards a commercially.derived common system design to accommodate as manyusers and applications as possible to gain economies of scale in equipment availability anddevelopment. By incorporating widely-used commercial mobile communication technologies, governmentradio systems will benefit from grea