全球价值链趋势

July 2026 Trends in Global ValueChains This work is issued under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD, and does not necessarily reflect theofficial views of OECD Member countries. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Photo credits:Cover © GE_4530/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at:https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2026 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of the original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Acknowledgements Trends in Global Value Chainswas prepared by a team comprising Charles Cadestin, Mattia Cai, RicardoChiapin Pechansky, Xue Han, Sébastien Miroudot and Carmen Zürcher from the OECD Trade andAgriculture Directorate. Caitlin Boros, Hilary Gaboriau and Marc Regnier prepared the report for publicationand dissemination. Théa Chubinidze provided administrative assistance. The data presented in this report come from the OECD Previous Year’s Prices Inter-Country Input-Output(PYP ICIO) tables, OECD Analytical Activities of Multinational Enterprises (AMNE) database and itsderived Trade in Value-Added indicators for services by mode of supply (TiVA-MoS). These datasets areconstructed by the OECD Trade and Agriculture Directorate and build on the OECD Inter-Country Input-Output tables developed by the OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation (NorihikoYamano, Agnès Cimper, Eleanor Keeble, Rodrigo Pazos, Akash Kohli and Colin Webb)with inputs fromthe Statistics and Data Directorate (Catherine La Rosa, Ambra de Bayser, Israel Guttierez, Frederic Parrotand Katia Sarrazin). Table of contents Acknowledgements3 Abbreviations and acronyms 6 Key findings 1 Measuring global value chains in an era of reconfiguration8 2 Key trends in GVCs in nominal and real terms10 Trade via global value chains has reached historical highs in 2024 in real termsIndustries differ markedly in their reliance on trade via GVCs, with some remaining highlyglobally integratedMost economies rely more on foreign inputs in 2024 than in 2011, although patterns differwidelyPost-pandemic changes in global value chain participation reflect shifts in sourcing andproduction structuresGross and value-added trade point to different bilateral dynamics among major economies 3 Key trends in multinational production19 Multinational production is comparable in scale to world trade19Multinat