欧盟水电解与氢：技术发展、趋势、价值链及市场现状报告

Water electrolysis and hydrogenin theEuropean Union STATUS REPORT ON TECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENT,TRENDS, VALUE CHAINS &MARKETS This document is a publication by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s scienceand knowledge service. It aimsto provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The contents of this publication do not necessarilyreflect the position or opinion of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of theCommission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and qualityunderlyingthe data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat norother Commission services, users should contact thereferenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expression of anyopinionwhatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, orconcerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contact informationName:Julien BOLARD Address:Email:julien.bolard@ec.europa.euTel.: EU Science Hubhttps://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu JRC139364EUR 40075 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2024 © European Union, 2024 Thereuse policy of the European Commission documents is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Unless otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorisedunder the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means thatreuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not owned by the European Union permission must be sought directly fromthe copyrightholders. Cover page illustration, © stock.adobe.com How to cite this report: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Bolard, J., Dolci, F., Gryc, K., Eynard, U., Georgakaki,A., Letout, S.,Mountraki, A., Ince, E., Shtjefni, D., Rózsai, M. and Wegener, M., Clean Energy Technology Observatory: Water Electrolysis and Hydrogen in theEuropean Union-2024 Status Report on Technology Development, Trends, Value Chains and Markets, Publications Office of the EuropeanUnion, Luxembourg, 2024, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/0461008, JRC139364. Contents Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3Foreword on the Clean Energy Technology Observatory.............................................................................................................................................4Acknowledgements..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................61Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................10Scope and context...................................................................................................................................................................................................................101.1.1Policy context in the European Union.................................................................................................................................................10Long-term strategy............................................................................................................................................................................................................111.1.2Policy context beyond the European Union...................................................................................................................................11Methodology and Data Sources.................................................................................................................................................................................122Technology status and development trends................................................................................................................................................................