欧盟热泵——技术发展、趋势、价值链与市场现状报告

HeatPumps in the European Union STATUS REPORT ON TECHNOLOGYDEVELOPMENT, TRENDS, VALUE CHAINS &MARKETS This document is a publication by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and knowledge service. It aimsto provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The contents of this publication do not necessarilyreflect the position or opinion of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of theCommission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication. For information on the methodology and qualityunderlying the data used in this publication for which the source is neither Eurostat nor other Commission services, users shouldcontact the referenced source. The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps do not imply the expressionof any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Union concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of itsauthorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contact informationName: Agne Toleikyte Email: JRC-PTT-HEATCOOL@ec.europa.eu EU Science Hubhttps://joint-research-centre.ec.europa.eu PDFISBN978-92-68-20965-3ISSN1831-9424doi:10.2760/7205477KJ-01-24-069-EN-N Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2024 © European Union, 2024 The reuse policy of the European Commission documents is implemented by the Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Unless otherwise noted, the reuse of this document isauthorised under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not owned by the European Union permission must be sought directly fromthe copyright holders. The European Union does not own the copyright in relation to the following elements: (1) Frontpage photo by MinhTriet on Unsplash, (2) Figure 1 from IEA HPT, Annex 50+62, 2024, (3) Figure 5 from SINTEF 2020, (4) Figure 32 from Bruegel 2024, (5)Figure 35 from LCP Delta 2023, and (6) Figure 40 from IEA, 2024. How to cite this report: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Toleikyte, A., Lecomte, E., Volt, J., Lyons, L.,Roca Reina, J.C.,Georgakaki, A., Letout, S., Mountraki, A.,Wegener, M., Schmitz, A.,Clean Energy Technology Observatory: Heat Pumps in the EuropeanUnion - 2024 Status Report on TechnologyDevelopment,Trends,Value Chains and Markets,Publications Office of theEuropeanUnion,Luxembourg, 2024, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/7205477, JRC139377. Contents Abstract.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3Foreword on the Clean Energy Technology Observatory.............................................................................................................................................4Acknowledgements..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5Executive summary..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................61Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................81.1Scope and context......................................................................................................................................................................................................................81.2Methodology and data sources......................................................................................................................................................................................82Technology state of the art and expected development....................................................................................................................................92.1Technology Readiness Level..........................................................................................................................................................................................132.2Installed energy capacity, sales and generation......................................................