Risk intelligence in a world of unprecedenteduncertainty and change Table of Contents Relentless uncertainty:3Why risk management must evolve AI unleashed:5The explosive growth and hidden risks Cyber security 2.0:8Managing the high-stakes risks of the digital future ESG risk:11Conquering the future of sustainability and uncertainty Digital disruption:The frontier of transformation and technology Future fraud innovation:Opportunity arriving every second Supply chain 2.0:20Navigating the stakes of a hyper-connected future Data value:Governance and privacy in the digital age Workforce challenge:The hunt for skilled talent Strategic convergence:Tackling the emerging risks of IT and OT Governance Disinformation everywhere:Unraveling false information in a digital world An interconnected future:Conquering third-party risks Future ready:Does your organizational design start with your technology and data infrastructure? Insurance risk:The devil is in the details Future-proof resilience:Be bold and agile The future of governance:Boards meet evolving risks A leader’s guide to what’s next Risk is evolving. Can your organization keep up? Risk isn’t what it used to be. It’s faster. Smarter. More unpredictable. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated fraud is reshaping cyber security. Misinformation is blurring reality.Supply chains are cracking under pressure. Extreme weather events are pushing insurers to the brink. The risks aren’t only multiplying; they’re interconnected. One disruption can trigger a ripple effect. Whatworked yesterday won’t be enough for tomorrow. This report isn’t just a snapshot of emerging or evolving risks — it’s a playbook for what’s ahead. Basedon real-life assessments, data, and insights from MNP’s Internal Audit team, it highlights the challengesorganizations face right now and the ones waiting just around the corner. This year’s report digs into: •The rise of AI-driven threats, from deepfakes to autonomous cyber-attacks.•The talent crunch as organizations struggle to find and keep the right people in a shifting workforce.•The high cost of climate risk, as increasingly frequent natural disasters make insurers rethink theircoverage.•The governance revolution, where boards face scrutiny over cyber security, ESG, and compliance.•A look back at how risk management has had to evolve over the decades. The risks we explore aren’t happening in silos: They’re colliding, compounding, and challenging businessesin new, unexpected ways. The leaders who succeed won’t be those who react the fastest — it’ll be thosewho are best prepared. At MNP, we work alongside Canadian organizations and governments, helping them to stay ahead ofemerging risks while turning uncertainty into opportunity. This report isn’t about fear, it’s about foresight. Let’s take a look. Relentless uncertainty:Why risk management must evolve Uncertainty isn’t a passing storm — it’s the reality we now live in. Canada’s risk landscape has completely transformed over the past few decades. In response, it demands a shift in howorganizations approach risk management. From a shaky economy, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions to cyberthreatsand climate disasters, the challenges Canadian businesses are now facing are not only relentless, but ruthless. Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) gained traction in the early 2000s as businesses integrated digital technologiesinto operations and corporate scandals seemed to be hitting the headlines regularly. The 2010s saw an explosion ofinterconnected systems that muddied the risk landscape and ushered in the need for a more dynamic approach: thinksmartphones, Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing. And along came the 2020s The 2020s brought seismic shifts. The COVID-19 pandemic forced organizations to accelerate digital transformations,manage supply chain disruptions, and manage a remote workforce. Again, risk became more complex and, suddenly,uncertainty was the rule, not the exception. The forces impacting risk management continue to shift and expand. Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping howbusiness is done in nearly every industry. Amid generational shifts in inflation, trade disruptions, and shifts in globalmarkets, it seems more and more like the pandemic-driven economic instability was just the opening salvo. Climate change is driving natural disasters at an increased rate with Canada experiencing its 10 worst disasters onrecord in the last decade, according to the Insurance Bureau of Canada. These events have resulted in $30 billion incumulative insured losses in the last 10 years (up from the previous decade’s annual average of $2.2 billion). Meanwhile, social and economic pressures are intensifying. A 2024 report from Food Banks Canada found that onein four Canadians now lives below the poverty line, which is more than double the official estimate from StatisticsCanada. The housing crisis, driven by population growth and increasing rent prices, is ad