2026年气候变化白皮书

Executive Summary The research-driven pharmaceutical industry, represented by the European Federation ofPharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), strives to improve human health and wellbeing.As climate change poses a significant threat to human health, it is essential to understand therelationship between people, health and the environment. The mission of EFPIA is to create a collaborative environment that enables member companies to innovate,discover, develop, and deliver new therapies and vaccines for people across Europe. They play a role infostering innovation and collaboration for their member companies to improve health outcomes while reducingenvironmental impact across the pharmaceutical value chain1.This white paper outlines the commitmentsand actions taken by EFPIA member companies in recent years to decarbonise pharmaceuticaloperations in Europe. It is a continuum of previous publications in 20202and 20223investigating andinforming on industry actions to mitigate climate change. Although the pharmaceutical industry is not among the highest-emitting sectors4, their manufacturing andcomplex supply chains are contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Changes in product design, supply chainsand manufacturing processes and healthcare delivery can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of medicinalgoods even within strict regulatory constraints on registration, processing, packaging, and waste treatment. Outcome of the 2025 Climate Survey of EFPIA Member Companies in a nutshell: EFPIA members demonstrate a clear and accelerating commitment to climate action, reflectedin growing participation and measurable progress across emissions reduction, target-settingand transparency. Between 2019 and 2024, companies achieved significant reductions inScope 1 and 2 emissions with average emissions intensity declining by around 43%, drivenin particular by a rapid shift to renewable electricity. A majority of companies also reducedtheir Scope 3 emissions, with about 60% reporting decreases that averaged 17% (range:4-34%), despite ongoing methodological challenges such as the collection of robust supplierdata. Net-zero commitments are on the rise with most companies setting targets aligned tothe Science-Based Targets initiative and an increasing share having comprehensive short- andlong-term commitments across all emission scopes. At the same time, the maturity in productcarbon footprinting, life-cycle assessment and climate risk analysis is increasing, supported bywidespread adoption of recognised ESG frameworks and proactive alignment with emergingEU reporting requirements. Together, these trends underline both the sector’s tangibleprogress in reducing its climate impact and the continued need for collaboration, better dataand systemic solutions, particularly for Scope 3 emissions. EFPIA encourages innovation that helps membercompanies reduce greenhouse gas emissions(e.g. carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide,hydrofluorocarbons and perfluorocarbons2) across thevalue chain including strategies which address upstreamScope 3 emissions via strong supplier engagementand collaboration. To fully unlock these opportunities,industry and regulators must work together to developregulatory frameworks that support innovation andenable sustainability improvements across the fullproduct lifecycle, including for legacy medicines wherechange is often most constrained but system-wideimpact can be greatest. heat pumps and ISO 50001 systems), increasedrenewable-electricity sourcing (through PPAs, VPPAs,on-site solar and certified renewable contracts) andrenewable-energy adoption, fleet decarbonisationthrough hybrid and electric vehicles, transition to nextgeneration pMDI propellant, enhanced refrigerantmanagement to reduce high-GWP emissions,strengthened supplier engagement to encourageSBTi-aligned targets, and raw-material decarbonisationthrough lower-carbon and more circular materialchoices. In addition, they are starting to implementcircular economy approaches such as eliminationand reduction of materials, maximising re-use andrecycling. Decarbonisation efforts require holisticevaluation to avoid unintended nature and social(human rights and labour) impacts. Our member companies’ climate progress is drivenby initiatives such as energy-efficiency improvements(including HVAC optimisation, heat recovery, EFPIA supports the adoption of “PAS 2090:2025, Pharmaceutical products – Productcategory rules for environmental life cycle assessments5” the first publicly availablespecification to establish a unified approach to Product Category Rules (PCR) forconducting LCAs6in our industry as well as to harmonize the methods for conductingProduct Carbon Footprints (PCFs) of pharmaceutical products. Delivering continued emissions reductions will require cross-sector collaboration andengagement with suppliers and value-chain partners, in line with EFPIA’s commitments toscience-based decarbonisation pathways and accelerate de