投资于幼儿：科索沃幼儿教育和保育的证据、挑战和政策方向

Evidence, challenges, and policydirections for Early ChildhoodEducation and Care kosovo:investing inearly yearsKOSOVO:INVESTING INEARLY YEARSEvidence, challenges, and policydirections for Early Childhood Evidence, challenges, andpolicydirections for Early ChildhoodEducation and CareEducation and Care © 2026 International Bank for Reconstruction andDevelopment / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433Telephone: 202–473–1000;Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with ex-ternal contributions. The findings, interpretations, and con-clusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect theviews of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, orthe governments they represent. The World Bank does notguarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of thedata included in this work and does not assume responsibilityfor any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information,or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use the in-formation, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. Theboundaries, colors, denominations, links/footnotes and otherinformation shown in this work do not imply any judgment onthe part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of anyterritory or the endorsement or acceptance of such bounda-ries. The citation of works authored by others does not meanThe World Bank endorses the views expressed by those au-thors or the content of their works. Translations—If you create a translation of this work, pleaseadd the following disclaimer along with the attribution: Thistranslation was not created by The World Bank and shouldnot be considered an official World Bank translation. TheWorld Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in thistranslation. Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work,pleaseadd the following disclaimer along with the attri-bution: This is an adaptation of an original work by TheWorld Bank. Views and opinions expressed in the adapta-tion are the sole responsibility of the author or authors ofthe adaptation and are not endorsed by The World Bank.Third–party content—The World Bank does not necessarilyown each component of the content contained within the work.The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of anythird–party–owned individual component or part contained inthe work will not infringe on the rights of those third parties.The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solelywith you. If you wish to re–use a component of the work, it isyour responsibility to determine whether permission is need-ed for that re–use and to obtain permission from the copyrightowner. Examples of components can include, but are not limit-ed to, tables, figures, or images. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or consideredto be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immuni-ties of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. The European Union is not responsible for any use that may bemade of the information contained therein. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to WorldBank Publications, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Wash-ington, DC 20433, USA; e–mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Com-mons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO)h t t p : //c r e a t i v e c o m m o n s . o r g / l i c e n s e s / b y/ 3 . 0 / i g oUnderthe Creative Commons Attribution license,you arefree to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, includ-ing for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Cover design:Mariano Valerio, 248id.com AI Disclosure Statement: mAI–4.0, developed by Azure OpenAIand Google Gemini for World Bank Group, and M365 Copilot byMicrosoft were used in September 2025 for minor editing ofsections of the text. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: GomezTamayo,Sofiaand Shmis,Tigran.2026 Investing in Early Years:Evidence, Challenges, and Policy Directions for EarlyChildhoodEducation and Care in Kosovo. Washington, DC: World Bank.License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. Acknowledgements This note was written by Sofia Gomez Tamayo and Tigan Shmis, with inputs from In-dhira Santos. The report incorporates findings from background papers prepared byCivitta and WeGlobal. Comments and strategic guidance from peer reviewers, Ella Victoria Humphryand Rana Yacoub, as well as from the Country Manager Carole Megevand and thePractice Manager, Rita Almeida, are gratefully acknowledged. The team also thanks the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology andInnovation for their engagement and consultations throughout the development ofthis report. Contents Glossary9 Executive summary11 1.Introduction15 2.Methodology17 3.Importance of ECEC19 4.ECEC Provision in Kosovo23 EnrollmentService providersLegislation and governanceFinancingECEC costsQuality of ECEC provisionPerceptionsOutcomes and qualit