俄罗斯市场洞察

RUSSIA June 2010 This Market Insight is one of an ongoing series of market profiles produced by the Market Intelligence Group [MIG] ofthe European Travel Commission [ETC]. New market profiles will be added to the series and updated at regular The members of the MIG comprise the Research Directors of the 39 National Tourist Offices (NTOs) that are membersof ETC. The group regularly commissions and publishes market intelligence studies, handbooks on methodologiesand best practice, and facilitates the exchange of European tourism statistics on the ‘TourMIS’ web platform. More information on ETC’s programme of market intelligence activities - including links to studies and sources ofEuropean tourism statistics - can be found on the organisation’s corporate website:http://www.etc-corporate.org. OVERVIEW •Russian outbound travel fell during the second half of the 1990s, reaching a low of 17.9 mn trips in 2001. Itthen recorded consistent annual increases, exceeding 36.5 mn trips in 2008, according to official data –representing an average increase of 11% a year in 2001-08. However, as the world economic downturn •Preliminary indications suggest that 2010 will prove to be a record year (leisure trip volume is reported tobe up 44% in the first quarter of the year). •The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) ranks Russia as the world's ninth largest market in terms oftravel spending. Spending increased in local currency terms by 13% a year from 2003 to 2008 to •Of total trips, a large share are to CIS countries (members of the former Soviet Union) and otherneighbouring countries, such as Finland, China, Poland and the Baltic States. However, many of these are •Much of the travel growth out of Russia in recent years has been for sun & beach destinations such asTurkey and Egypt, but many other destinations (including most destinations in Europe) have shared in the •Nevertheless, destinations for which no visas are necessary, or which offer visas on arrival, have enjoyed aparticular advantage. Turkey, Egypt, Dubai, Israel, Tunisia and Thailand are good examples. Many trips •Wealthy Russians comprise an important element in the luxury travel market. They tend to be very bigspenders, demanding high standards and exclusive service in everything – chauffeur-driven cars, personal •There is no doubt that Russians are very enthusiastic travellers and it is no longer just the elite of Russiansociety that can afford to travel – although this is of course the most attractive market to target. •All Russian tourists, whatever their socio-economic level, have a reputation as brand-consciousshopaholics. COUNTRY PROFILE Population •The total population in 2010 is estimated at 140.4 mn, down from 148.5 mn in 1995. In its '2008 Revision’,the United Nations expected it to shrink by a little under 0.4% a year in 2010-20. •The decline in the population since the mid-1990s is attributed to social and health problems whichfollowed the collapse of the old regime. These problems seem to be easing: life expectancy has recovereda little, to 67.9 years (61.9 years for men and 74.1 for women), and infant mortality has fallen back to 11 •The population density is 8 persons per km2and the urban population was estimated at 73% of the total Russia has 1,067 major cities, 11 of which have a population of 1 mn or more. The largest cities areMoscow, St Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Nizhny Novgorod and Yekaterinburg. Vladivostok and Khabarovsk, Moscow, the capital, has a population of about 10.5 mn and is the largest city in the country, as well asbeing the economic and political centre, the seat of the president, the government and the Duma(Parliament). Age •According to the UN, the numbers of children and young people (aged 0-24) will fall by 13% by 2020 andthose aged 25-59 will fall by 7%, while the numbers of those over 60 will increase by 20%. Ancestry & Migration •Russia is a multi-ethnic society. The largest ethnic groups include Russians (81%), Tatars (4%),Ukrainians (2%), Bashkir, Chuvash, Chechens, Armenians and Byelorussians (1% each). There are a great •Large numbers of Russians live abroad. Official data suggests there are about 15 mn in the countries ofthe former USSR (including 1.5 mn in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania), 850,000 in the USA, 200,000 inWestern Europe, 125,000 in Brazil and Argentina and 20,000 in Australia and New Zealand. Other Language & Religion •Russia has similar religious diversity. There has been a resurgence in the numbers of people asserting areligious identity since the end of the communist regime, and over 60% of the population (and 80% ofethnic Russians) now identify themselves with the Russian Orthodox Church. 10-15% are Muslims (mainly Over 80% of the population claim Russian – the official language of the country – as their mother tongue,although other languages are used in ethnic minority regions. Economic Data Russia's Economy 2009-10 •The Russian economy made a formidable recovery after