专家组的报告——未来的大流行病防备和应急响应

A Framework for Action Report of the Expert Group FUTURE PANDEMIC A FRAMEWORK FOR ACTION REPORT OF THE EXPERT GROUP Expert Group Members 1.Dr Renu Swarup, Former Secretary, Department of Biotechnology - Chairperson2.Dr Soumya Swaminathan, Former Chief Scientist, WHO and Former DG, ICMR - Member3.Dr Sujeet Singh, Former Director, NCDC - Member Supported by: NITI Aayog, Health Division 1.Dr Sonali Rawal, Consultant Grade-II2.Mr Varun Singh, Consultant Grade-II TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PREFACE It is a matter of great honour for the Expert Group constituted by NITI Aayog onFuture Pandemic Preparedness to submit the Final Report entitled “Future PandemicPreparedness and Emergency Response —AFramework for Action”. The Expert Groupwould like to compliment the NITI Aayog leadership, especially Dr Vinod Paul, Member Preparing the proposed framework for action for future pandemic preparedness andemergency response involved several consultations with experts and stakeholders,analysing the experience so far, examining national and global success stories and The Government of India (GoI) proactively initiated a scientific preparedness plan forfuture pandemic through the One Health (OH) approach. The Office of the PrincipalScientific Adviser (PSA) to the Government of India, along with thirteen other Ministries/ This Expert Group noted the OH Mission’s activities and integrated them into the corerecommendationsof the report.The proposed recommendations complement theinitiatives of the OH Mission with a focus on proactive preparedness for pandemics,epidemics and outbreaks, as well as developing a robust response strategy that focusesonimplementation,accountability and timely execution.Considering that the first Once again, the Expert Group would like to convey its special thanks to Dr Vinod Paul,for putting the group together being with us throughout the discussions and providinghis valuable advice and guidance. The group also acknowledges the support from theteam at NITI Aayog, Health vertical and other stakeholders who have provided valuableinsights which have helped us put together a comprehensive plan of action. We hope that the recommendations will be helpful to the government and that appropriate actionwill be taken to implement them. We stand ready to assist in this endeavour.The message is clear, we need to be ready for War when not at War EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TheCOVID-19 pandemic was the worst public health emergency witnessed, whichimpacted humanity not just in a few nations or regions but across the world. Althoughthe health systems had experience dealing with infectious outbreaks and epidemics, wedid not have the processes and systems in place to deal with a public health emergencyat this scale. NITI Aayog constituted an Expert Group to prepare a Framework for Action The Expert Group did a detailed assessment and landscaping of what worked and whatdid not in that crisis. Series of stakeholder consultations were held with National andInternational experts, policy makers, researchers, clinicians, epidemiologists, funding Learning from the experience of COVID-19, the experts have realised that respondingin the first 100 days of an outbreak is crucial for effective management.It iscriticaltobe ready with strategies and countermeasures which can be made available within thefirst 100 days. It is essential that the proposed framework provides recommendationsfor a robust ecosystem so that when there is any outbreak from known or unknown Therecommendations of the Pandemic Preparedness and Emergency Response 1.Governance, Legislation, Finance and Management2.Data Management, Surveillance and Early Predictive Warning, Forecasting andModelling,3.Research and Innovation, Manufacturing, Infrastructure, Capacity building/Skilling while managing earlier epidemics. Over the years, there has been an effort to builda robust ecosystem for managing the Epidemic/Pandemic public health challenge. Astrong foundation has been laid, from developing epidemiological surveillance to piloting A separate Public Health Emergency Management Act (PHEMA) is proposed to facilitatethe management of any public health crisis. The PHEMA can address various aspectsbeyond epidemics, including non-communicable diseases, disasters, and bioterrorism,and should be in place for a developed country. It will allow a holistic approach to The effective management of COVID-19 was possible due to a robust governance systemthrough the Empowered Groups (EGs) with a whole-of-government approach. It isproposed that an Empowered Group of Secretaries (EGoS) chaired by Cabinet Secretarybe established for Pandemic Preparedness and Emergency Response and a well-oiled There is a need to connect the epidemiological surveillance data with the genomicdata and develop clinical correlations using hospital and lab data. A strong surveillancenetwork is proposed, which allows community and hospital data to flow seamlessly to a Challenges fa