基于历史环境空气质量数据和燃煤火力发电厂排放的分析，以开发决策支持系统

Supported by NITI Aayog National Environmental Engineering ResearchInstitute(CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur–440 020, India December2024 Authors and Acknowledgements Authors Acknowledgement Dr. K.V. George,Chief Scientist & Head,Air Pollution Control Division,CSIR-NEERI,Nagpur, Maharashtra–440020 We would also like to thank the followingstakeholderswho providedvaluable inputs in shaping the report: Project Guide Dr.Atul Narayan Vaidya, Director,CSIR-NEERI,Nagpur, Maharashtra–440020 Leadership The team is grateful for their kindmentorship:Dr. V. K. Saraswat,Member, NITI AayogDr. Anshu Bharadwaj, PD (Green Transition & Climate), NITI AayogShri Rajnath Ram,PD(Power &Energy), NITI AayogShri Jawahar Lal,General Manager(Energy), NITI Aayog Acknowledgement The study was carried out with thefinancial support of NITI Aayog,Government of India and conducted by CSIR-NEERI, NagpurThe team is grateful for the input and contributions received from: DISCLAIMER This report isprepared by CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur, with financial support from NITI Aayog, NewDelhi, under theNITI Aayog Research Scheme(RSNA-2021). The data downloaded fromwebsites provided by CPCB, NTPC, and private agencies are proprietary in nature and are notplaced in thepublic domain. While due care has been exercised to prepare the report usingarguments supported by existing scientific knowledge, the possibility of an alternate propositionwitha growing scientific knowledge base cannot be ruled out in thefuture. CSIR-NEERI welcomesnew scientific findings to ensure environmental conservation for futuregenerationsto come. NITI Aayog shall not be held responsible forfindingsor opinions expressed in the document. Thisresponsibility completely rests with CSIR-NEERI, Nagpur. 343 Author’s Note Dr. K.V. George Chief Scientist & Head,Air Pollution Control DivisionNational Environmental Engineering Research InstituteCSIR-NEERI, Nagpur 440020 We extend our sincere gratitude to Dr. V. K. Saraswat, Hon’ble Member of NITI Aayog,for hisadvice to study the air quality data generated byCAAQMS neartheTPP. Thissignificantly enhanced the report's quality and relevance. Continuous tracking of projectprogressby Shri.Rajnath Ram,and Shri.Jawahar Lal,coupled with frequentdiscussions with the team of Energy vertical, NITI Aayog, for resolving the numerousqueries that might have otherwise been overlooked initially,is hereby acknowledged. We are also thankful toCPCB,NTPC and other stakeholders for providing the requisitedataand permissions to visit their TPP, installed with FGD. This helped us a lot tounderstandthe overall process and in-depth study of the system.We gratefullyacknowledgethe pivotal role played by Northern Coalfield Limited,Singrauli,infacilitating the sampling of particulate matter. We extend our heartfelt thanks to BajajEnergy,Lalitpur,and Vedanta Aluminum Limited,Jharsuguda,for their invaluableassistance in studying air quality in their TPPs. Dr. Atul Vaidya, Director, CSIR-NEERI gave the liberty of conducting field experiments,wherevernecessary to understand the atmospheric fate of SO2,to ensure scientificbasis.At CSIR-NEERI,Rahul Vyawahare managed the project activity;Jay SinghRajput, Pranav Nair, Arvind Somanathan, Pabitra Mandal,and Roshani Bang did the GISmapping anddata analysis under the guidance ofDr.Neel Kamal.Publications/literatureavailableover the World Wide Web helped realize the difference between scientificanalysis and opinion-based narratives. The author is gratefulfor the contribution made by all during the course of the field,laboratory,and desk work. Table ofContents 1.Introduction 1.1Preamble1.11.2Backgroundofthe Study1.21.3Objective and Scope of Work1.31.4Structure of the Report1.3 2.Power Generation in India 2.1Introduction2.12.2Resource-wise power generation2.12.3Region-wise power generation2.12.4Sector-wise power generation2.12.5State-wise power generation2.32.6Classification of Thermal Power Station2.62.6.1Based on Location2.62.6.2Based onPower generation and Commissioning Year2.112.6.3Based on Combustion Technology2.112.7Status of FGD2.12 3.Online Continuous Emission Monitoring System 3.1Introduction3.13.2Data Analysis of OCEMS Data3.13.2.1DataPre-processing3.13.2.2Data Visualization3.2 4.Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station 4.1Introduction4.14.2Data Analysis of CAAQMS Data4.24.2.1Data Collection4.24.2.2Data Summary4.44.3Data Evaluation4.54.4Compliance Status of CAAQMS4.74.5Ambient air quality near TPP having FGD installed4.16 5.1Introduction5.15.2Manual monitoring of SO2in India5.25.2.1SO2monitoring at Delhi under SA study (2007–08).5.25.2.2Ambient air SO2levels at remotely located TPP5.35.3Conversion of SO2to SulphatebyEatough et.al. (1994)5.5 5.3.1Gas-Phase Homogeneous Reaction5.55.3.2Aqueous-Phasereaction5.55.3.3Heterogenous reactions on solid surfaces5.65.4Chemical speciation of PM in different studies5.65.4.1PM study at remote area TPP5.65.4.2Source apportionment study at Pit Head Thermal Powe