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加强东盟成员国铁路互联互通战略计划（英）

交通运输2026-01-01东盟张***

AI智能总结

核心观点：随着东南亚国家联盟（ASEAN）经济持续增长，运输需求不断增加。过度依赖公路运输导致了碳排放增加、交通拥堵和污染等不可持续问题。因此，大多数东盟成员国正在大力投资铁路，并制定了雄心勃勃的运输方式转变目标。东盟成员国共同拥有亚洲第三大经济体和世界第五大经济体，区域内贸易占比较高，需要强大的运输系统来促进贸易和投资。铁路运输在满足不断增长的运输需求、控制碳排放和其他负面影响方面可以发挥更大的作用。东盟铁路网络的发展仍处于早期阶段，各国应加强合作，确保铁路系统互操作性，以最大限度地发挥投资效益。

关键数据： 2022年，东盟经济规模约为3.6万亿美元，年增长率5%。东盟区域内贸易占比较高，达到22%。预计到2050年，东盟国内运输碳排放量将增长54%，而1.5度路径则需要将碳排放量减少90%。东盟铁路网络主要由米轨线路组成，也有一些标准轨线路在运营，例如老挝-中国铁路。东盟成员国的城市人口几乎占人口的一半，预计到2050年，城市交通需求将增加两倍。

研究结论：本战略计划旨在提高东盟成员国之间铁路互操作性，提出了14项行动建议，包括：评估当前互操作性水平并建立目标机制；解决技术铁路互操作性；确保法律铁路互操作性；促进铁路和海关之间的电子信息交换；建立支持更高水平铁路互操作性的制度机制；深化东盟成员国之间的铁路数字化；考虑建立铁路走廊管理机制；在国家层面提供支持性法律和监管框架；根据具体情况决定轨道轨距问题；加强提高铁路互操作性的能力建设；为铁路互操作性提供资金；发展中速铁路发展面临的挑战；充分利用东盟成员国的城市轨道交通潜力；提高东盟成员国之间的运输可持续性。

among ASEAN Member States Strategic Plan on Enhancing Rail Interoperability among ASEAN Member States The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August1967. The Member States are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, The ASEAN Secretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia.Author:ASEAN Secretariat For inquiries, contact:The ASEAN SecretariatCommunity Relations Division (CRD)70A Jalan SisingamangarajaJakarta 12110IndonesiaPhone:(+62 21) 724-3372, 726-2991 ISBN XXXX ASEAN: A Community of Opportunities for All The text of this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, provided properacknowledgement is given and a copy containing the reprinted material is sent to the Generalinformation on ASEAN appears online at the ASEAN Website:www.asean.orgCopyright Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 2026. All rights reserved. With the assistance from: TheStrategic Plan on Enhancing Rail Interoperability among ASEAN Member States has been produced with the assistance from the United Nations Economic and SocialCommission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) under project entitled “LeveragingTrans-Asian Railway network for efficient and resilient transport network in ASEAN Disclaimer: Findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this publication are based oninformation gathered by ESCAP secretariat. They do not necessarily reflect the viewsofASEAN or ESCAP secretariats or their Member States.ASEAN or ESCAPsecretariats do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of information in this Acknowledgments: The Strategic Plan on Enhancing Rail Interoperability was prepared after extensiveconsultationswith the ASEAN Secretariat and ASEAN Member States.In thefinalisation of the Strategic Plan, the guidance received from the ASEAN Secretariat Process: The preliminary draft of the Strategic Plan was prepared by ESCAP Consultanttogether with Transport Division of ESCAP. It was first discussed at the Expert GroupMeeting held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in February 2025 and based on the inputsreceived, it was finalised at the High-Level Meeting on Enhancing Rail Interoperabilityheld in Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, in July 2025. The Sixth Meeting of the ASEAN Railway Sub-Working Group and the Thirty-fourth Meeting of the Strategic Plan on Enhancing Rail Abbreviations Contents 1EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................62THE STRATEGIC PLAN............................................................................................7FourteenactionsforenhancingrailinteroperabilityamongASEANMember States................................................................................................................. 7 3STRATEGICPLAN ON ENHANCING RAIL INTEROPERABILITY AMONG Background..................................................................................................................... 10Key issues in enhancing rail interoperability in ASEAN Member States and relatedactions.............................................................................................................................. 12Action 1 ............................................................................................................................. 18Action 2 ............................................................................................................................. 21Action 3 ............................................................................................................................. 25Action 4 ............................................................................................................................. 29Action 5 ............................................................................................................................. 31Action 6 ............................................................................................................................. 33Action 7 ............................................................................................................................. 37Action 8 ............................................................................................................................. 39Action 8 ............................................................................................................................. 39Action 9 ............................................................................................................................. 42Action 10........................................................................................................................... 44Action 11........................................................................................................................... 45Action 12........................................................................................................................... 47Action 13......................

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