印度生物能源市场报告：至2030年液态与气态生物燃料展望

India BioenergyMarket Report Outlook for liquid and gaseous biofuelsto 2030 INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY The IEA examines the fullspectrumof energy issuesincluding oil, gas andcoal supply anddemand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement and muchmore. Through its work,the IEA advocatespolicies that will enhancethe reliability,affordability andsustainability of energyin its32Member countries,13Association countriesand beyond. IEAAssociationcountries: IEAMembercountries: AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraine This publication and any mapincluded herein are withoutprejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory,to the delimitation ofinternational frontiers andboundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEA Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org Abstract As demand for renewable energy grows in India, liquid and gaseous biofuels areexpected to be one of the fastest-growing markets, driven by significant feedstockpotential and supportive policies. These fuels can provide low-emission energy inheat, electricity and transport. They can also be produced domestically reducingreliance on imported fossil fuels, improve energy security, and create economicdevelopment and employment opportunities. This report examines the current supply and demand of liquid and gaseousbiofuels in India and their forecasted growth to 2030. It provides a detailedassessment of existing policy and regulatory frameworks, feedstocks, productioncapacity, and identifies key considerations that may influence future development.It also outlines a set of policy priorities, drawing on international best practices,that India could consider to accelerate the deployment of liquid and gaseousbiofuels in India. Acknowledgements This special report on India’s bioenergy markets was prepared by the RenewableEnergy Division of the Directorate of Energy Markets and Security (EMS) of theInternational Energy Agency. PaoloFrankl,Head of the Renewable Energy Division,provided strategicguidance and inputs. Ana Alcalde, Energy Analyst, was the lead author of thereport and coordinated its production. Main authors were (in alphabetical order)Marcus Bockhold, Jeanne-Marie Hays, Andrew Klain and Peter Zeniewski. PierreDemey also contributed to the report. Shayak Sengupta, IEA’s India ProgrammeOfficer, and Alay Patel, research consultant, played a key support role in thepreparation of the Report. Valuable comments and feedback were provided by senior management, notablyEMS director Keisuke Sadamori, and colleagues within the IEA, including HeymiBahar, Nicolas Coent, Carole Etienne and Quentin Minier. All data and projectionsare the work of the IEA, unless otherwise noted. Officials of India’s Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, the Petroleum Planningand Analysis Cell (PPAC) and other government entities, as well as oil and gascompanies, provided valuable input. TheIEA’s Communications and Digital Office(CDO)provided support inproducing the report, providing website materials and promoting it, and particularthanks go to Jethro Mullen, Poeli Bojorquez, Astrid Dumond and Liv Gaunt. Theauthors would also like to thank Caren Brown for editing the report. Table of contents Executive summary.................................................................................................................. 6Chapter 1. Introduction............................................................................................................ 8Chapter 2. Liquid biofuels ..................................................................................................... 10Overview ..................................................................................................................10Incentives and regulations........................................................................................10Feedstock demand...................................................................................................15Current status ..........................................................................................................16Demand ...................................................................................................................17Key considerations...................................................................................................19Supply forecast to 2030............................................................................................22Chapter 3. Biogas and compressed biogas .........................................