CAC 40公司性别平等的演变

GENDEREQUALITY INCAC40 COMPANIES Based on the work ofMichel Ferrary FrédériqueVidal, SeanSculland GrégoireKraoul-Riera SKEMA PUBLIKA SKEMA Publikais SKEMA Business School’s international think tank. It analyses majorsocial, economic, technological and geopolitical changes to inform public and privatedecision-making. Drawing on the school’s research and on scientifically validated externalcontributions, the think tank fuels public debate and issues recommendations for nationaland international decision-makers. SKEMA Publika takes an interdisciplinary and international approach, enriched by SKEMA’sglobal network of campuses and a community of experts from the academic andprofessional worlds. This international dimension is not simply a network, but a way ofthinking. SKEMA Publika therefore links local dynamics and global transformations to offera multipolar perspective on the major challenges of our time, not centred on any singlenational lens. The views expressed in this text are those of the authors alone. © All rights reserved, SKEMA Business School,2026Cover page: © Paris ®–Photographer: Liam Heywood; © ODAN SKEMA Publika Tel.: +33 (0)1 71 13 39 32Email:publika@skema.eduWebsite:www.publika.skema.edu SKEMA Business School, Grand Paris Campus5 Quai Marcel Dassault–CS 9006792156 Suresnes Cedex, France COLLECTION Understanding major societal and economic transformations at the heart of societies. The“Major Issues”collection aims to decipher the major societal and economictransformations taking place within societies. The publications in this collection are devotedto the study of long-term transformations that are reshaping contemporary societies, inparticular by identifying early warning signs and understanding their origins. AUTHORS Michel Ferraryis aProfessor of Management at the University of Geneva and anAffiliatedProfessor at SKEMA Business School. He founded the SKEMA Observatory onCorporateFeminisation. He is also a member of the Haut Conseil à l’Égalité entre les femmes et leshommes. Frédérique Vidalis Director of Development at SKEMA Publika and Director of Strategyand Scientific Impact at SKEMA Business School. A full professor of Biology, she waspresident of the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis from 2012 to 2017, and subsequentlyserved as minister of higher education, research and innovation in the Philippe and Castexgovernments from 2017 to 2022. She served as special advisor to the President of EFMDand is currently also the Permanent Representative of the Principality of Monaco to theUnited Nations Environment Programme and the Whaling Commission. Sean Scull, Think Tank Project Manager, is a doctoral candidate in Information andCommunication Science at Université Paul Valéry–Montpellier III. He holds a degree inPolitical Science with a specialisation in International Relations from the University ofGothenburg, and a Master’s degree in International Politics with a focus on Anglophonepolitics from the University of Toulon. Sean has lived and worked in Sweden and the UnitedStates of America. Grégoire Kraoul–Riera is a student in the Master’s in International Governance andDiplomacy programme at Sciences Po Paris. A graduate of SKEMA Business School’sGrande École programme and holder of a Master’s in Business Law with a specialisation inEuropean Law and New Economies from Université du Littoral–Côte d’Opale, he focusedhis research dissertation on the regulation of digital industries in the European Union,exploring the intersection between law, industrial economics and international governance.Upon completion of his master’s degree at Sciences Po, he intends to join an internationalorganisation to contribute to multilateral dialogue and the development of globalgovernance for new technologies. SUMMARY This policy paper analyses changes in gender diversity in CAC40companies, drawing on the work of Michel Ferrary and on the 2025 editionof the SKEMA Observatory onCorporateFeminisation. It begins byproviding an assessment of the current situation, showing uneven progress:while the feminisation of boards of directors is now largely achieved,women’s presence in senior executive bodies remains limited, andsignificant gapspersist between middle management and the topoperational level. It then shows that gender diversity is not only an equality issue, but also aperformance driver: gender diversity improves company profitability,particularly when it is found in middle management and the workforce, thelevels at which strategy is executed. To understand why progress remains uneven, the policy paper analysesthree structural mechanisms: recruitment bias and homophily (demandside), educational choices that structure the talent pipeline, and professionalpreferences shaped through socialisation. These mechanisms, which aredeeply rooted in cultural norms, restrict women’s access to positions ofpower. Finally, the analysis highlights the key role of the legal framework. The Frenchexperience, l