超越旅游业：通往包容性繁荣的协调之路

Beyond Tourism:Coordinated Pathways W H I T EP A P E R Contents Foreword Executive summary 1Introduction: The moment for transformation 2Understanding tourism’s ecosystem nature 1.1Travel and tourism at the heart of intersectoral impact1.2Economic multiplication and the positive impact of interconnection 3From principles to practice through coordinated enablers 4Applying the ecosystem approach 3.1Case studies of ecosystem tourism development3.2Lessons across destinations Conclusion: The way forward Contributors Endnotes Disclaimer This document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated and ©2025 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopying Foreword Kiva AllgoodManaging Director, Managing Board,World Economic Forum Ahmed Al-KhateebMinister of Tourism, This white paper is the latest in a series of WorldEconomic Forum publications, created in collaborationwith Kearney and based on extensive stakeholderand export consultation, exploring the travel andtourism (T&T) sector’s transformation and its potentialto become a global force for good. In particular, itbuilds on the recently releasedTravel and Tourism ata Turning Point: Principles for Transformative Growth.Published at a critical moment for the industry, thatreport underscored the immense growth potential ofthe sector, which is projected to contribute $16trillion to global gross domestic product (GDP) rely on utilities, local culture and digital platforms;destinations thrive only when local communities,small businesses, private-sector players, investorsand other stakeholders align. A change in onepart of the system reverberates quickly across thewhole – whether positive, as in the multiplier effect As a result, sector challenges cannot be resolvedby fragmented, siloed efforts. Instead, they demandecosystem collaboration: a deliberate alignment ofall stakeholders, from tourism companies and local The scope of this paper is therefore practical andaction-oriented. It examines how ecosystemthinkingcan be operationalized in diverse contexts,drawingon global case studies that illustrate measurableresults. It provides pathways for destinations, This paper represents the next step in that journeyby advancing the discussion to identifysolutionsto the aforementioned challenges. At its core, theT&T sector is not a single industry but a deeply The future of T&T will be written not by anysingle actor but by the collective choices of an Executive summary Coordinated action by stakeholders inthe travel and tourism ecosystem offers a The global travel and tourism (T&T) sector isentering a period of profound transformation,moving decisively from a fragmented, business-as-usual operating model to a holistic, ecosystem-based paradigm. As the sector grows, projectedto reach 30 billion tourist visits and contribute$16 trillion to global GDP by 2034, it brings withit both significant opportunities and escalating concentration through integrated ministry-level planning. Chumbe Island in Tanzania becamethe world’s first privately managed marineprotected area, with eco-lodge revenues financingreef protection, mangrove restoration and educationfor thousands of students and community members.New Zealand generated more than NZ$ 500 million($290 million) in conservation funding throughcoordinated visitor levies while maintaining residentsupport for tourism growth. Costa Rica reverseddeforestation while building a $4 billion annualtourism economy through systematic alignment ofconservation and development policies. Siwa Oasisin Egypt mobilized local private investment in small- Past reliance on siloed stakeholders and incrementalpolicy interventions have proven inadequate forcreating a more resilient, inclusive and sustainablesector. The COVID-19 pandemic offered starkillustration of the high cost of uncoordinated action,yielding suboptimal travel restrictions and exposing This paper demonstrates that systematicecosystem coordination is the way forward.Rather than treating the T&T sector as severalseparateindustries competing for resources,the ecosystem approach recognizes T&T asan interconnected network where aligned actionacross five enablers – infrastructure; finance; These successes demonstrate common patterns:multistakeholder governance structures with realauthority, integrated planning that serves bothvisitors and residents, revenue-sharing mechanismsthat distribute benefits equitably and systematic The insights presented in this paper provide practicalpathways for destinations, enterprises anddevelopment partners to move from fragmentedapproaches to ecosystem coordination, unlocking Leading destinations worldwide havesuccessfully applied this ecosystem approach Introduction