老挝人民民主共和国营养趋同影响评估（英）2025

Jun!2025 © 2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H StreetNW, Washington, DC 20433. Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet:www.worldbank.orgSome rightsreserved. This work is a product of the staff of the World Bank with external contributions. The findings,interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The WorldBank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors,denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgmenton the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement oracceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges andimmunities of the World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and Permissions This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, youare free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, underthe following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: World Bank. 2025. Lao PDR Nutrition ConvergenceImpact Evaluation. Washington, DC: World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO Translations—If you create a translation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along withthe attribution:This translation was not created by the World Bank and should not be consideredan official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in thistranslation. Adaptations—If you create an adaptation of this work, please add the following disclaimer along withthe attribution:This is an adaptation of an original work by the World Bank. Views and opinionsexpressed in the adaptation are the sole responsibility of the author or authors of the adaptationand are not endorsed by the World Bank. Third-party content—The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the contentcontained within the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of any third-party owned individual component or part contained in the work will not infringe on the rightsof those third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you.If you wish to re-use a component of the work, it is your responsibility to determine whetherpermission is needed for that re-use and to obtain permission from the copyright owner. Examples ofcomponents can include, but are not limited to, tables, figures, or images. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World BankGroup, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org. Cover design and Layout:Insmai Creative Communication Acknowledgements This report was prepared by Alia Rahman-Khan and Tanida Arayavechkit, with contributions andguidance from Jed Friedman, Ali Winoto Subandoro and Sutirtha Sinha Roy, research assistancefrom Apurva Bamezai, and foundational contributions from Obert Pimhidzai. The team alsobenefitted from guidance and feedback from peer reviewers: Rabia Ali, Jonathan Kweku Akuoku,and Mireya Vilar. The team would like to thank the World Bank Lao PDR Nutrition Convergence teammembers for their valuable inputs and feedback. We also express our gratitude to the Ministry ofHealth, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, and the Ministry of Planning and Investment fortheir leadership in the multi-sectoral nutrition convergence approach in the Lao PDR, and for thebaseline and midline survey data used in this report. Disclaimer: The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors,and do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank Group, its Executive Directors, or thegovernments they represent. Abbreviations ANCAntenatal CareCCTConditional Cash TransferCU2Children under two years oldDDDifference in DifferenceFNGFarmer Nutrition GroupsHANSAHealth and Nutrition Services Access ProjectHDDSHousehold Dietary Diversity ScoreHGNDPHealth Governance and Nutrition Development ProjectLao PDRThe Lao People's Democratic RepublicPNCPostnatal CarePRFPoverty Reduction FundRRPMReducing Rural Poverty and Malnutrition ProjectSBCCSocial Behavior Change and CommunicationSDStandard DeviationSWSSHScaling-up Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene ProjectWHOWorld Health Organization Contents Acknowledgementsi Abbreviationsii Executive Summaryiv 1. Introduction1 3. Impact Evaluation Design6 4. Impact Evaluation Results9 5. Causal Pathways13 6. Conclusion and Policy Implications19 References22 Annex 1: Sampling Methodology23 Annex 2: Indicator Definition Annex 3: Other Impact Evaluation Results28 Annex 4: De