世界卫生组织关于空气质量、能源获取和健康的战略方针

WHO strategic approach on air quality, energy access and health ISBN 978-92-4-011496-8 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-011497-5 (print version) © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCom-mercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commer-cial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of thiswork, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products orservices. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must licenseyour work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translationof this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordancewith the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.WHO strategic approach on air quality, energy access and health. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2025. Licence:CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available at https://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, see https://www.who.int/publica-tions/book-orders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing,see https://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a thirdparty, such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permissionis needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claimsresulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in thispublication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concern-ing the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning thedelimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approxi- The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply thatthey are endorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that arenot mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distin- All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in thispublication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind,either Contents Acknowledgements..................................................................................................................ivAbbreviations and acronyms....................................................................................................vBackground–a global environmental health crisis................................................................ 3Vision: Clean air and energy access for healthier populationsand universal health coverage.................................................................................................. 4WHO response........................................................................................................................... 4 Strategic pillar 1 – Knowledge, evidence & measuring progress............................................ 7Strategic pillar 2 – Institutional capacity building and technical support............................. 8Strategic pillar 3 – Leadership and coordination..................................................................... 9 References............................................................................................................................... 10 Annex 1. Overview of WHO air quality guidelines.................................................................. 11Annex 2. Index of databases and repositories....................................................................... 13Annex 3. Lines of action.......................................................................................................... 17 Line of action 1: Driving change – WHO global leadership on air pollution and energy access.........................17Line of action 2: Building the case for action on air pollution health risk reduction..........................................21Line of action 3: Informing clean air policies via health impact assessment and other tools............................23Line of action 4: Tackling household air pollution (CHEST).................................................................................27Line of action 5: Accelerating electrification of health care facilities