5g时代的频谱定价：土耳其

This report presents an overview of spectrum pricing in Türkiye and its implicationsfor the development of next-generation mobile networks. As the demand for mobile Forecasts from GSMA Intelligence indicate that monthly mobile data usage perconnection in Türkiye is expected to rise from 17 GB in 2024 to nearly 56 GB by2030. This rapid growth requires substantial network investment, particularly in5G infrastructure. However, the financial context for mobile operators has become Within this environment, the cost and structure of spectrum access have emerged askey policy levers with significant implications for both investment and affordability. Copyright © 2025 GSMA 1. A challenging environment for investments By 2030, mobile data usage per user is expected torise from 17 GB to nearly 56 GB per month in Türkiye. Spectrum is needed to cater for this exponentialgrowth in demand. Yet the financial picture for mobile operators ischallenging. ARPU dropped from $9.0 in 2016 to just devaluation. Operators face steep investmentrequirements with limited revenue potential, 2. Delays in spectrum assignment The volume and timing of spectrum assignmentshave a direct bearing on 5G readiness. Türkiye Comparable markets, such as Saudi Arabia and theUnited Arab Emirates, have made considerably morespectrum available, often under more investment- 3. High spectrum prices Türkiye’s spectrum costs, when measured as a shareof operator revenues, are nearly three times higher such as the Treasury Share and Universal ServiceFund, and operators are paying over 33% of their Global trends point clearly towards an approach topricing that helps drive, rather than hinder, investments.Between 2018 and 2023, global average spectrum Some governments have introduced incentive-basedframeworks, reducing reserve prices and offering The right spectrum price and availability can be a toolto support inclusion, as a high spectrum cost has a direct relationship to lower coverage and speeds,leading to reduced adoption and affordability. 4. Recommendations for reform Türkiye stands at a critical juncture in its digitaldevelopment. The country’s spectrum pricing andassignment policies will significantly influence its Without reform, current spectrum costs maycontinue to inhibit investment and delaytechnological progress. By adopting a more balanced Recommendations: In light of the evidence and Türkiye’s current market dynamics, the GSMA recommends the followingpolicy adjustments: 1.Align spectrum pricing with local market conditions, ensuring affordability and long-terminvestment viability. 2.Reduce reserve prices and annual fees, particularly in mid-band frequencies needed for 5G. 3.Introduce greater predictability and transparencyin spectrum renewal frameworks. 4.Explore incentive-based licensing models,linking spectrum access to investment and coverage targets. GSMA Head Office1 Angel LaneLondon Spectrum Pricing in the 5G Era: Türkiye