5g的社会经济效益：低频段频谱的重要性

GSMA Intelligence GSMA The GSMA is a global organisation unifying themobile ecosystem to discover, develop and deliverinnovation foundational to positive businessenvironments and societal change. Our vision isto unlock the full power of connectivity so thatpeople, industry, and society thrive. Representingmobile operators and organisations across themobile ecosystem and adjacent industries, theGSMA delivers for its members across three broad GSMA Intelligence is the definitive sourceof global mobile operator data, analysis andforecasts, and publisher of authoritative industryreports and research. Our data covers everyoperator group, network and MVNO in every GSMA Intelligence is relied on by leadingoperators, vendors, regulators, financialinstitutions and third-party industry players, tosupport strategic decision-making and long- Our team of analysts and experts produce regularthought-leading research reports across a range We invite you to find out more at www.gsma.comFollow the GSMA on Twitter: @GSMA www.gsmaintelligence.cominfo@gsmaintelligence.com Authors: Francisco Daniel Amaya Ariza, Economist, GSMAIntelligence Kalvin Bahia, Principal Economist, GSMA Intelligence PublishedMarch2023 Contents 01The role of low-band spectrum in deploying75G networks 02The socio-economic benefits of low-band 5G 03Low-band socio-economic benefits by region 04Cost-benefit analysis guidelines for assessingsub-1 GHz options Executive summary The digital divide widens without sufficient low-band spectrum world, serving more than 1 billion 5G connections. By2030, more than 5 billion 5G connections are forecastworldwide, driving almost $1 trillion in GDP growth.While 5G is forecast to reach maturity by 2030 in Low-band spectrum is a driver of digital equality,reducing the gap between urban and rural areas anddelivering affordable connectivity. Without sufficient At the end of 2022, there were already 252 Low bands play an important role in achieving thesocial goals of widespread connectivity by serving — Their superior propagation characteristics makethem particularly suitable for providing coverage inrural and remote areas, which is important in low- — They have superior in-building penetration,providing ‘deep’ indoor coverage as well as In most countries, the main low bands currently usedfor 5G are in the 600 MHz and 700 MHz frequencies,while 800 and 900 MHz are used for previousgenerations. At the end of 2022, operators in almosthalf the countries where 5G had been launched were Low-band 5G is set to generate $130 billion in GDP in 2030 Low-band 5G is expected to drive around $130 billionin economic value in 2030. Half of the impact willcome from massive IoT (mIoT). Many existing andfuture IoT use cases require wide area coverage, in including manufacturing, transport, smart cities and The rest of the economic impact will be driven byenhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and fixedwireless access (FWA), as low bands will play a Figure 3 Estimated global impact of low-band 5G on GDP $ billion Figure 4 Distribution of 5G low-band benefits by use case Percentage of total GDP impact in 2030 Figure 5 $ billion impacted by these challenges but who, in low- andmiddle-income countries, are 33% less likely to accessmobile internet and who experience lower network In addition to the macroeconomic impacts, low-band 5G applications will enhance the social andenvironmental benefits driven by mobile technology. Europe Asia Pacific Middle East and North Africa RCC* Sub-Saharan Africa Use of more UHF spectrum for mobile will provide greater value In many countries, ensuring that operators havesufficient access to low-band spectrum is likely torequire additional frequencies below the 700 MHzband – frequencies currently used for broadcasting. 694 MHz band is assigned to mobile, the benefits are4–9× greater for a typical country in Europe and the This reflects the growing demand for 5G bandwidthand the general decline in DTT, driven in significantpart by the rise of IPTV and on-demand viewing. Theresults therefore show that the utilisation of moreUHF spectrum for mobile use will provide greater For a typical country in Europe, the Middle East andAfrica, the benefits from assigning 80 MHz of UHFspectrum to mobile would be 6–24× greater than the 01 The role of low-bandspectrum in deploying Low-band spectrum will be a key enabler of digital equality Low-band spectrum serves two key requirements — It is better able to penetrate buildings and servebuilt-up areas, providing ‘deep’ indoor coverageas well as capacity in urban areas, includinglocations where people live and work. Dependingon the location and residence type, indoor traffic — Its superior propagation characteristics make itparticularly suitable for providing coverage in ruraland remote areas (see Figure 7). This is especiallyimportant in low- and middle-income countries Countries utilising the 600and/or 700 MHz band for 5G The 700 MHz freq