巴西生物燃料产业：教训、挑战和机遇（英）2025

© IRENA 2025 Unless otherwise stated, material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored, providedthat appropriate acknowledgement is given of IRENA as the source and copyright holder. Material in this publication that is attributedto third parties may be subject to separate terms of use and restrictions, and appropriate permissions from these third parties may needto be secured before any use of such material. ISBN:978-92-9260-688-6 Citation:IRENA, (2025),Brazil’s biofuel industry: Lessons, challenges and opportunities, International RenewableEnergy Agency, Abu Dhabi. About IRENA The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation that supports countriesin their transition to a sustainable energy future, and serves as the principal platform for international co-operation,a centre of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledge on renewableenergy. IRENA promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable energy, includingbioenergy, geothermal, hydropower, ocean, solar and wind energy, in the pursuit of sustainable development,energy access, energy security and low-carbon economic growth and prosperity.www.irena.org AcknowledgementsThis report was authored by Emilio Matsumura (consultant) and Ricardo Gorini (IRENA). The authors are grateful for the inputs from the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), Ministry of Mines and Energy(MME), Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MRE), Energy Research Office (EPE) and National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC),and particularly from Artur Yabe Milanez (BNDES); Otávio Forattini Lemos Igreja and Laís de Souza Garcia (MRE);Angela Oliveira da Costa and Rachel Martins Henriques (EPE); Luis Augusto Horta Nogueira (Unifei and Unicamp);Binu Parthan, Michael Renner and Chun Sheng Goh (IRENA); and Marcela Braga Anselmi (ANAC). Publication and production support were provided by Francis Field and Stephanie Clarke; communications anddigital support were provided by Daria Gazzola. The report was edited by Erin Crum, with graphic design byPhoenix Design Aid. IRENA is grateful to the Government of the United Arab Emirates for generously supporting the work that formedthe basis of this report. Disclaimer This publication and the material herein are provided “as is”. All reasonable precautions have been taken by IRENA to verify thereliability of the material in this publication. However, neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party contentproviders provides a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequenceof use of the publication or material herein. The information contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of all Members of IRENA. The mention of specific companiesor certain projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by IRENA in preference to others of a similarnature that are not mentioned. The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of anyopinion on the part of IRENA concerning the legal status of any region, country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerningthe delimitation of frontiers or boundaries. FOREWORD Brazil's experience in the development of sustainable biofuels represents a valuable example of howinnovation, policy design and long-term vision can drive the decarbonisation of the energy sector. It offers keyinsights and a compelling model for countries seeking to advance their own energy transitions while fosteringeconomic growth and social inclusion. According to IRENA’s 1.5°C Scenario, sustainable fuels – including biofuels and green hydrogen derivatives – willplay an increasingly important role in the global energy transition. Their share in total final energy consumptionis expected to reach around 10% by 2030 and at least 20% by 2050; however, this will require concerted action,international collaboration and the mobilisation of investment at scale. International co-operation is also vital inestablishing sustainability criteria and ensureing their application. The Brazilian experience highlights the crucial need for strategies and clear policy frameworks that enhancesustainability, reduce investment risks and foster innovation. These include: creating appropriate institutionalenvironments; establishing consistent long-term objectives through effective policies; encouragingconstructive discussions between public and private stakeholders; promoting international collaboration; andsupporting research and development to unlock the next generation of biofuel technologies. As we navigate the road from Baku to Belém, the focus must shift from commitment to implementation.We encourage countries to deepen cooperation – bilaterally, regionally and multilaterally – to unlock the fullpotential of sustainable fuels in g