艺术与科学证据图关键概念

This document outlines the key concepts of the interacƟve evidence map provided. It shouldbe read only in conjuncƟon with the interacƟve evidence map. For more informaƟon and thefull technical report on the evidence map, please access: The art and science of promoƟngevidence-informed decision-making: a global living evidence map. Geneva: World HealthOrganizaƟon; 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. 1.DisƟnguishing between the art and science of using evidence Theartof using evidence refers to evidence advocates finding their way through a muddle ofchanging contexts through quick adaptation, iterative programme design and politicallysensitive approaches in the wake of political, social and cultural contexts that immensely shapethe space for evidence to inform decision-making. Thescienceof using evidence implies the design of more linear and replicable pathways toevidence use in light of the many technical decision-making structures that are receptive to theuse of evidence, as well as organizational management and governance systems that can bedesigned to incorporate an explicit mandate and space for evidence use. This refers to all the factors that lieoutside the decision-makers’ control thatmake the EIDM possible or prompt it. Access to evidencedatabases ororganizationalprocesses for EIDMEvidence beingreferenced in policydocuments or utilizedin programme orguidelinedevelopment;EIDM indicators, e.g.the Global EIDM index;Evidence of decision-makers’ behaviourchange, e.g. accessing,appraising andconsidering evidenceas part of a decision-maker’s daily practice(as distinguished fromthe one-offmeasurement of thesesorts of outcomes aspart of a trainingprogramme). Opportunityto use evidence Evidence use is defined as“a processwhereby multiple sources of information,including the best available researchevidence, are consulted before making adecision to plan, implement, and (whererelevant) alter policies, programmes, andother services”. Evidence use for policy designfor policyimplementation Evidence usefor policy designrefers tothe behaviour of using evidence in thepolicy design stage only. Evidence usefor policy implementationrefers to the behaviour of using evidencein the policy implementation stage only. This refers to the impact of increased useof evidence on development indicators.For example, a sustained practice ofEIDM can be associated with betterhealth outcomes, such as reducedmortality rates. Likewise, evidence usecan affect educational outcomes such asincreased test scores and grade passrates. Indicators ofdevelopment impactare not prespecifiedand can be cross-sectoral, covering all17 SDGs such as fetaldistress in labour andmathematics scores. Developmentimpact