迈向更健康的未来：GLP1的变革潜力（英）.

SANDRA BARBOSU AND NATALIE KHOO |AUGUST 2025 Obesity affects over 42 percent of U.S. adults, costing the nation more than $400 billionannually. Traditional weight-loss methods alone have proved to be insufficient in addressing thisgrowing public health burden. But GLP-1 receptor agonists now offer the potential to profoundlytransform obesity care. Public policies should support their wider adoption. KEY TAKEAWAYS Obesity costs the United States more than $400 billion annually, including $173 billionin health-care expenditures, as well as significant losses in productivity, wages, andeconomic output. The indirect costs of obesity ripple across multiple sectors—including transportation,food, infrastructure, and emergency services—further compounding its overall economicburden. Prior efforts to reduce the obesity crisis through advice about dieting and exercise havefailed. GLP-1 therapies deliver clinically meaningful weight loss and help reduce the risk of type2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic conditions. Broad adoption of GLP-1 therapies could reduce long-term health care costs, boost laborforce participation, and generate economic benefits across multiple sectors. Key policy priorities include continued support for GLP-1 research, equitable access tothese therapies, and incorporating dynamic scoring in CBO modeling to better capture thebroader economic impact of obesity reduction. itif.org CONTENTS Key Takeaways ................................................................................................................. 1Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3The Scale of the Problem................................................................................................... 4Unhealthy Numbers: The Economic Toll of Obesity ............................................................... 5Individual Costs of Obesity ............................................................................................. 5Healthcare System Costs of Obesity ................................................................................. 6Heavy Losses: Reduced Economic Output ........................................................................ 7Workplace Discrimination and Wage Gaps ........................................................................ 8The Indirect Costs of Obesity: Implications Across Industries ................................................. 9Transportation and Fuel Efficiency .................................................................................. 9Food Industry: Shifting Consumer Demand and Healthcare System Implications................. 11Healthcare System Adaptation ...................................................................................... 11Emergency Services and Bariatric Equipment .............................................................. 11Hospital Infrastructure and Diagnostic Limitations ....................................................... 12Environmental Impact .................................................................................................. 12National Security and Military Readiness........................................................................ 13What Is a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist?................................................................................... 15The Weight Is Over: Increasing Demand for Anti-Obesity Medications ................................ 16Beyond Weight Loss: The Broader Promise of GLP-1s ......................................................... 17The Expansive Health Benefits of GLP-1 Therapies.......................................................... 17Cardiovascular Health ............................................................................................... 17Cognitive and Neurological Health.............................................................................. 18Behavioral Health..................................................................................................... 18Economic Benefits....................................................................................................... 19Challenges, Risks, and Considerations............................................................................... 20Long-Term GLP-1 Adherence ........................................................................................ 21GLP-1 Access and Market Dynamics .............................................................................. 22Policy Recommendations................................................................................................. 22Conclusion..................................................................................................................... 24Endnotes ....................................................................................................................... 25 INTRODUCTION Over the pa